The signal-to-noise ration (SNR) from implanted coils is widely known to be superior to that from surface coils. This article addresses the quantitative aspects of this improvement by explicitly evaluating the magnetic vector potential in a conducting medium of finite extent for both implanted and surface coils. The predictions of the model are tested with actual image data from spin warp exper...

The algal culture collections include numerous old strains whose morphological characteristics may have changed after decades of subculturing. This case study of the fifty-yearold Pringsheim CAUP H 3301 strain of Keratococcus bicaudatus was conducted using geometric morphometric analysis of phenotypic plasticity to detect possible shifts in morphology. The results of relative warp analysis indi...

In many distributed computations it is necessary to ensure that the causal order in which events occur (a partial order) conforms to a total order that is derived from a correctness constraint on the computation. For example, the events of a distributed simulation must appear to be processed in simulation-time order. The Time Warp mechanism [Jeflerson 841 uses the notion of global virtual time ...

Bridge sampling, a general formulation of the acceptance ratio method in physics for computing free-energy difference, is an effective Monte Carlo method for computing normalizingconstantsof probabilitymodels.The methodwas originallyproposedfor cases where the probabilitymodels have overlappingsupport. Voter proposed the idea of shifting physical systems before applying the acceptance ratio met...