This study investigated the effects of age on a random generation task. In Experiment 1, young and elderly subjects were asked to generate random strings of letters at 1-, 2-, and 4-s rates. The elderly subjects produced more alphabetical stereotype responses than young subjects, even in the slowest rate condition. Furthermore, as faster rates were imposed, elderly subjects could no longer main...

Abstract: Although controversial, one of the puzzles in lung carcinogenesis is that women may be at a higher risk of lung cancer than men. The mechanisms underlying the sex differences in lung cancer susceptibility is likely to be multifactorial. Molecular studies have pointed to sex differences in the metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). We have reported higher levels of PAH-D...

Interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) between motor cortical areas is thought to play a critical role in motor control and could influence manual dexterity. The purpose of this study was to investigate IHI preceding movements of the dominant and nondominant hands of healthy volunteers. Movement-related IHI was studied by means of a double-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol in right-ha...

Generally women are believed to be more discriminating than men in the use of color names and this is often taken to imply superior color vision. However, if both X-chromosome linked color deficient males (8%) and females (<1%) as well as heterozygote female carriers (15%) are excluded from comparisons, then differences between men and women in red-green (RG) color discrimination have been repo...

Two studies examined the hypothesis that the evaluation of developmental stability changes across adulthood. Results of Study 1 (N = 119) supported the expectation that older adults (M age = 65.29 years)—compared to younger (M age = 23.38 years) and middle-aged adults (M age = 38.68 years)— evaluate developmental stability more positively and losses less negatively across all life domains inclu...

INTRODUCTION Sex-related physiological differences result in different expressions of diseases for men and women. Data are contradicting regarding the increase in the female risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) at mid-life. Thus, we studied possible sex differences in age-adjusted mortality for CVD and non-vascular diseases stratifying our findings by specific age groups. METHODS Over one mi...

Coordinating multiple tasks with narrow deadlines is particularly challenging for older adults because of age related decline in cognitive control functions. We tested the hypothesis that multiple task performance reflects age- and gender-related differences in executive functioning and spatial ability. Young and older adults completed a multitasking session with four monitoring tasks as well a...

Sex differences in the incidence of psychiatric disorders have been well recognized and documented. It is known that depression, anxiety disorders and eating disorders occur more commonly in women. Sex-specific syndromes such as post partum depression and premenstrual dysphoric disorder have recently been characterized as distinct psychiatric disorders. Yet, until the early 1990s, women were of...