The increasing frequency and/or severity of extreme climate events are becoming increasingly apparent over multidecadal timescales at the global scale, albeit with relatively low scientific confidence. At the regional scale, scientific confidence in the future trends of extreme event likelihood is stronger, although the trends are spatially variable. Confidence in these extreme climate risks is...

studying risk and frequency analysis of flood is done in order to design structures located in floody lands. in hydrological and water resources engineering projects, first of all, we should determine frequency of this phenomenon- their return period. in this research, the method of planning, the cumulative freguency curve is explained and probability and return period and errors concerning sma...

OF DISSERTATION FREQUENCY ANALYSIS AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS OF EXTREME FLOODS ON A LARGE WATERSHED Estimates of extreme floods and probabilities are needed in hydrologic engineering and in risk analysis to assess the safety of dams. This research focuses on developing a twodimensional, distributed model to simulate extreme floods with return periods up to 10,000 years. The four objective...

Flood vulnerability is quantified by loss models which are developed using either empirical or synthetic approaches. In reality, processes influencing flood risk stochastic and predictions bear significant uncertainty, especially due to differences in across exposed objects regions. However, many state-of-the-art deterministic, i.e., they do not account for data model uncertainty. The Bayesian ...

Quantification of precipitation extremes is important for flood planning purposes, and a common measure of extreme events is the r-year return-level. We present a method for producing maps of precipitation return levels and uncertainty measures and apply to a Colorado region. Separate hierarchical models are constructed for the intensity and the frequency of extreme precipitation events. For in...

Design flood estimations at ungauged catchments are a challenging task in hydrology. Regional frequency analysis (RFFA) is widely used for this purpose. This paper develops artificial intelligence (AI)-based RFFA models (artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM)) using data from 181 gauged South-East Australia. Based on an independent testing, it found that the ANN metho...

Here we establish the timing of major flood events of the central Mississippi River over the last 1,800 y, using floodwater sediments deposited in two floodplain lakes. Shifts in the frequency of high-magnitude floods are mediated by moisture availability over midcontinental North America and correspond to the emergence and decline of Cahokia--a major late prehistoric settlement in the Mississi...

Regional flood frequency entails the pooling of data from sites within a defined region to enhance the estimation of at-site quantiles. Conventional regionalization techniques normally identify a feed set of stations forming a contiguous region. An approach to regional flood frequency analysis that involves each site having a potentially different set of stations included for the at-site estima...