Future space-based direct imaging missions will perform low-resolution (R$<$100) optical (0.3-1~$\mu$m) spectroscopy of planets, thus enabling reflected cool giants. Reflected light is encoded with rich information about the scattering and absorbing properties planet atmospheres. Given diversity clouds hazes expected in exoplanets, it imperative we solidify methodology to accurately precisely r...

Since the introduction of attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy for characterization materials, attempts have been made to relate measured reflectivity ( R ) absorption coefficient ? absorbing material interest. The common approach is limited low case under...