Renewable energy provides twenty percent of electricity generation worldwide. Hydroelectric power is the cheapest way to generate electricity today. It is a renewable source of energy and provides almost one-fifth of electricity in the world. Also, it generates electricity using a renewable natural resource and accounting for six percent of worldwide energy supply or about fifteen percent of th...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess personal exposure to fibres, crystalline silica, silicon carbide (SiC) and sulphur dioxide in the Norwegian SiC industry. METHODS Approximately 720 fibre samples, 720 respirable dust samples and 1400 total dust samples were collected from randomly chosen workers from the furnace, processing and maintenance departments in all three Norwegian SiC p...

Refinery carbonatation is widely practised in South Africa and about 80% of the refined sugar produced in South Africa is clarified/decolourised using this method. Attempts have therefore been made to optimise the carbonatation process with regard to impurity removal. Some of the main factors that have been investigated to improve the decolourisation and filterability of the carbonated liquor a...

PURPOSE Petroleum refinery workers are exposed to the carcinogens benzene and 1,3-butadiene. Declining exposures have been reported internationally but information on current exposure in the Swedish refinery industry is limited. The aim was to examine refinery workers' personal exposure to benzene and 1,3-butadiene and increase awareness of exposure conditions by collaboration with involved ref...

The present paper investigates the reliability and sensitivity analysis of a coal handling unit of a thermal power plant using a probabilistic approach. Coal handling unit is the main block of a thermal power plant and it is necessary for a good function of a power plant that its power supply, which is dealt in coal handling unit, must function continuously without any obstacle. The configurati...

Due to long life of steam power plants in Iran, transformation of steam cycles to combined cycles is under consideration. Bandar-Abbas steam power plant with capacity of 320 MW has been analyzed in this work. This old plant is located near the harbor city of Bandar-Abbas at southern Iran. Method of exergy analysis is used to study the current and the repowered systems. Optimum state of the repo...

Working within oil refineries is a very responsible task that requires highly trained and well-educated personnel. They need both a good theoretical knowledge about the processes that place within the vessels and tanks of the refinery and also a very good practical hands-on knowledge about the different devices and their interdependencies. Mixed Reality techniques are used to present such locat...

The wastewater from petroleum industries contains high organic matter content, oil and grease, dissolved solids and turbidity. The petroleum wastewater normally treated in a plant comprising of primary, secondary and tertiary treatments. The high organic loading needs to be treated in biological treatment step. Biological treatment can be suspended growth or attached growth type. Activated slud...

Contamination of soil / water resources by petroleum products poses severe threats to underground water and soil quality. In the present study biosurfactant producing bacterial cultures were used to degrade petrol engine oil under in situ conditions in the plant rhizosphere system. Two bacterial isolates used in this study were recovered from Haldia oil refinery sites and identified as Pseudomo...