The difference products (DP) of representational difference analyses (RDA) were used as hybridization probes on cDNA arrays. The effectivity of RDA products obtained with increasing driver/tester ratios (DP 1 = 100:1, DP 2 = 800:1 and DP 3 = 400,000:1) to isolate differentially expressed genes was compared with the effectivity of conventional differential hybridizations. Pacreatic cancer and co...

The genomic subtraction method representational difference analysis (RDA) was used to identify male-specific restriction fragments in the dioecious plant Silene latifolia. Male-specific restriction fragments are linked to the male sex chromosome (the Y chromosome). Four RDA-derived male-specific restriction fragments were used to identify polymorphisms in a collection of X-ray-generated mutant ...

Helicobacter infection leads to chronic inflammation of the stomach. Although the infection persists in spite of an immune response, animal studies have shown that adjuvant-based oral vaccines can protect against infection and even eliminate established infection. These vaccines are thought to induce a Th2 immune response, counterbalancing the Th1 response seen with natural infections. As a pre...

We evaluated the predictions of Grosz and Sidner’s theory of anaphoric accessibility using a corpus of tutorial dialogues whose discourse structure was annotated according to Relational Discourse (RDA) Analysis. We found support for Moser and Moore’s proposal that only segments with an intentional core should be viewed as introducing new focus spaces; we also found that both embedded cores and ...

PURPOSE To investigate the molecular basis of inherited retinal dysplasia in miniature Schnauzers. METHODS Retina and retinal pigment epithelial tissues were collected from canine subjects at the age of 3 weeks. Total RNA isolated from these tissues was reverse transcribed to make representative cDNA pools that were compared for differences in gene expression by using a subtractive hybridizat...

The biodegradation behavior of municipal solid waste (MSW) depends on the diversity and metabolic function bacterial communities, which are affected by environmental factors. However, communities functions in MSW, as well their influencing factors, remain unclear. In deep-aged abovementioned deficiencies more significant, will effectively hamper landfill disposal. this study, high-throughput se...

Additively manufactured (AM) parts still lack a thorough understanding of their optical properties, particularly surface texture and reflectance characteristics at different viewing angles. This study examines the properties material jetting (MJT) using bidirectional distribution functions (BRDFs). The visual appearance MJT was analyzed gonio-spectrophotometer 328 unique incidence geometries fo...

The seasonal dynamic characteristics of C, N, and P stoichiometry water use efficiency (WUE) Messerschmidia sibirica the soil in Yellow River Delta (YRD) were studied. correlations stoichiometric WUE between organs M. analyzed. results showed that: (1) contents their ratios various varied with seasons. dynamics leaf N:P that degree nutrient restriction by N decreased July increased September. (...

Macrophyte species and trait assemblages from 104 minimally disturbed boreal forest lakes, covering broad environmental geographic gradients were analysed to identify associations with variables at different spatial scales: context (GEO) catchment (CATCH) lake (LOCAL) characteristics.Constrained ordination variation partitioning used quantify in (canonical correspondence analysis [CCA] pCCA) (r...