INTRODUCTION Since its inception, reduction mammaplasty has matured considerably. Primary evolution in clinical research and practice has focused on preserving tissue viability. Surgery involves preserving not only tissue viability but also function and sensation. The nipple serves as the sensate unit of the breast and is a valuable part of women's psychological and sexual health, making preser...

The majority of infections caused by R. equi occur in hosts with some degree of cell-mediated immunodeficiency. Immunocompetent individuals are infrequently affected and usually present with localized disease. Infections of the skin or related structures are uncommon and are usually related to environmental contamination. The microbiology laboratory plays a key role in the identification of the...

BACKGROUND The extent to which white blood cell (WBC) DNA methylation provides information on the status of breast epithelial cell DNA is unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS We examined the correlation between methylation in Ras-association domain family-1 gene (RASSF1), a tumor-suppressor gene, and methylation in repetitive elements in paired sets of DNA from WBC and breast epithelial cells collec...

RESULTS: Mean age at the time of reduction mammaplasty was 17.9 ± 1.7 years. Patients with macromastia demonstrated significant score improvements postoperatively from baseline on the RSES, BRSQ, and in seven out of eight SF-36 domains. Postoperative subjects scored significantly higher than controls at follow-up on the RSES and in four SF-36 domains (physical functioning, bodily pain, social f...

BACKGROUND The size and weight of hypertrophied breast can cause both physical and psychological problems. Although the majority of these problems can be solved with breast reduction surgery, the particular problem of development of brassiere strap grooves on the shoulders due to the weight of the breasts cannot be corrected with this method. OBJECTIVES Breast reduction surgery focuses only o...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Several randomised studies have proved the effects of breast reduction surgery. However, search for predictive factors has not been successful. Therefore we decided to analyse breast dimension changes and to see whether these, or patient characteristics or individual psychosocial factors have an effect on the outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-nine patients were assessed...

carcinoma, it is standard perioperative practice for excised tissue obtained from routine reduction mammoplasty procedures to be sent for pathology review. 1 On average, an estimated 0.2–1.1% of all reduction mammoplasty specimens reviewed by pathology is diagnosed with occult malignancy. On occasion, atypical proliferative lesion of variable malignancy potential is also reported, which may bec...

BACKGROUND Bottoming out is a well-known phenomenon described with reduction mammaplasty (RM). To date, the evaluation of post-operative bottoming out remains an imprecise science. The following study reports the application of three-dimensional (3D) photography to objectively investigate changes in breast morphology. METHODS Patients undergoing medial pedicle RM had 3D photographs (Konica Mi...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to compare the results of batwing mammoplasty and Wise pattern mammoplasty in the surgical management of upper pole breast tumours. METHODS This is a retrospective observational study including 126 breast cancer patients who presented between 2009 and 2015 to the National Cancer Institute of Cairo University in Egypt. All patients were candidates for breast...