This chapter describes four systems that introduce new pedagogy, address inequities in the classroom and show improved learning with reduced cost. The first system supports inquiry and casebased learning, moving students towards more active learning, engagement, and hypothesis construction. The next system describes mathematics and geometry tutors that positively influence a student’s confidenc...

Abstract. In this work, we used a nonlinear, reduced gravity model of the Gulf of Mexico to study the effect of a seasonal variation of the reduced gravity parameter on ring-shedding behaviour. When small amplitudes of the seasonal variation are used, the distributions of ring-shedding periods are bi-modal. When the amplitude of the seasonal variation is large enough, the ring-shedding events s...

Optical scan voting systems are ubiquitous. Unfortunately, optical scan technology is vulnerable to failures that can result in miscounted votes and lost confidence. While manual counts may be able to detect these failures, counting all the ballots by hand is in many situations impractical and prohibitively expensive. In this paper, we present a novel approach for examining a large set of ballo...

The Busse–Heikes dynamical model is described in terms of relaxational and non-relaxational dynamics. Within this dynamical picture a diverging alternating period is calculated in a reduced dynamics given by a time-dependent Hamiltonian with decreasing energy. A mean period is calculated which results from noise stabilization of a mean energy. The consideration of spatial-dependent amplitudes l...

This paper examines the motivations for the construction of consumer decision tools (CDTs). CDTs are Web-based decision support systems aimed at improving the quality of consumer decisions. CDTs are useful for high involvement choices, such as car or university programme selection, where the consumer is strongly affected by the outcome. Firms will supply CDTs only when they desire informed, mut...

Previous research has found that iconic gestures (i.e., gestures that depict the actions, motions or shapes of entities) identify referents that are also lexically specified in the co-occurring speech produced by proficient speakers. This study examines whether concrete deictic gestures (i.e., gestures that point to physical entities) bear a different kind of relation to speech, and whether thi...

This paper investigates bloatware bundling and product pricing decisions of a monopolistic firm when consumers can remove the bloatware from their electronic devices after purchase. We show conditions under which it is optimal for the firm not to bundle bloatware with their products. Furthermore, we show that even if the firm can make it harder for consumers to remove bloatware, the firm is not...

The Busse-Heikes dynamical model is described in terms of relaxational and nonre-laxational dynamics. Within this dynamical picture a diverging alternating period is calculated in a reduced dynamics given by a time-dependent Hamiltonian with decreasing energy. A mean period is calculated which results from noise stabilization of a mean energy. The consideration of spatial-dependent amplitudes l...

Re-examination of the structure of pyridine coenzymes in solution by use of the 220-MHz high-frequency nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer indicates that there is primarily one folded structure that is in rapid equilibrium with an open form. Reduced DPN(+) and reduced analogs of DPN(+) exist predominantly with the B side of the dihydropyridine ring folded against the adenine moiety. (The ox...

in this paper we prove that each element of any regular baer ring is a sum of two units if no factor ring of r is isomorphic to z_2 and we characterize regular baer rings with unit sum numbers $omega$ and $infty$. then as an application, we discuss the unit sum number of some classes of group rings.