Software services offer many opportunities like reduced cost for IT infrastructure. They also introduce new risks, for example the clients lose control over their data. While data can be secured against external threats using standard techniques, the service providers themselves have to be trusted to ensure privacy. In this paper, we examine methods that can increase the level of privacy a serv...

Using a vertically di↵erentiated product model, the paper aims to investigate the e↵ects of economic growth on market provision of product quality. The quality attribute considered is environmental-friendliness of products. Economic growth is modeled as a shift in income distribution. It shows that the e↵ect of economic growth depends on the form it takes. A growth in income that is uniform acr...

The value of federal income-tax deductions, such as the home mortgage interest deduction (MID), varies across geographic regions. Taxpayers in regions with relatively high incomes, state and local income taxes, and housing costs are more likely to utilize deductions; that is, they are more likely to itemize, more likely to have a larger deduction conditional on itemizing, and more likely to get...

The Czech Republic has over the past decade carried out two waves of tax and benefit reforms. The first one took place in 2005–2006 during the left-wing government and the second one has been carried out in 2008 by the right-wing government. Using EUSILC data for selected types of households, the paper assesses changes in the distribution of gross incomes and effects of the changes in taxes and...

OBJECTIVE To study the trends of socioeconomic inequalities and socioeconomic inequalities in self-perceived health in Spain between 1987 and 2001. METHODS We estimated the distribution of educational level and per capita provincial income, and the differences in less-than-good self-perceived health by educational level and per capita provincial income in each period. RESULTS The percentage...

OBJECTIVE Smoking prevalence in the Saskatoon Health Region (SHR) went from 23.9% in 2003 to 23.3% in 2005 to 26.2% in 2007. The prevalence of smoking within the SHR Aboriginal population is substantially higher than the rest of the population. The purpose of the current study was to determine the independent effects of Aboriginal cultural status and income status on daily smoking status. MET...

Low-income households may be disproportionately affected by ozone pollution and ozone policy. We quantify how three factors affect the relative benefits of ozone policies with household income: (1) unequal ozone reductions; (2) policy delay; and (3) economic valuation methods. We model ozone concentrations under baseline and policy conditions across the full continental United States to estimat...

Objective: To study the trends of socioeconomic inequalities and socioeconomic inequalities in self-perceived health in Spain between 1987 and 2001. Methods: We estimated the distribution of educational level and per capita provincial income, and the differences in lessthan-good self-perceived health by educational level and per capita provincial income in each period. Results: The percentage o...

In the United States, uninsured and low-income adults experience substantial health and health care inequities when compared with insured and higher-income individuals. A new analysis of the Commonwealth Fund 2010 Biennial Health Insurance Survey demonstrates that when low-income adults have both health insurance and a medical home, they are less likely to report cost-related access problems, m...