signaling amp-activated protein kinase (ampk), an energy sensing enzyme, has been implicated in controlling inflammation. in this study we investigated whether activation of ampk by metformin could protect the lung from lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced acute injury by inhibitingng tlr4 pathway. male wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=6): control group received normal saline (0.5...

Abstract The innate immune system is equipped with multiple receptors to detect microbial nucleic acids and induce type I interferon (IFN) restrict viral replication. When dysregulated these receptor pathways inflammation in response host promote development persistence of autoimmune diseases like Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). IFN production regulated by the Interferon Regulatory Factor (...

ABBREVIATIONS AP-1, activator protein-1; DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; ERK, extracellular signalregulated kinase; JNK, Jun N-terminal kinase; IGF-IIR, insulin-like growth factor-II receptor; MEK, mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; PKC, protein kinase C; RPA, RNase protection assay; TGF-ß, transformin...

The rice disease resistance gene Xa21, encoding a receptor-like kinase, is a member of a multigene family. Sequence analysis of seven family members revealed two distinct classes of genes. One member from each class encodes a receptor kinase-like open reading frame. The other five members encode truncated open reading frames of the predicted receptor kinase. A highly conserved 233-bp sequence (...

Insulin signaling plays a key role in glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, and protein lipid synthesis. In insulin-resistant states like obesity type 2 diabetes mellitus, these processes are dysregulated. Regular physical exercise is potential therapeutic strategy against insulin resistance, as an acute bout of increases disposal during the activity for hours into recovery. Chronic activation pr...

We have investigated the in vitro tyrosine phosphorylation of the HRAS and KRAS proteins by human placental insulin receptor kinase. Purified HRAS proteins are not phosphorylated by purified insulin receptor kinase. Since the tyrosine phosphorylation of calmodulin by the insulin receptor kinase in vitro requires cofactors such as protamine and poly(L-lysine), we examined the possibility that po...

As an important member of the plant receptor-like kinases, Catharanthus roseus kinase 1-like (CrRLK1L) plays vital roles in growth and development, as well biotic abiotic stress response. Numerous CrRLK1Ls have been identified analyzed various species, while our knowledge about eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is still scarce. Utilizing state-of-the-art genomic data, we conducted first genome-wi...