The influence of the infill masonry walls in the structural response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures when subjected to earthquakes is not considered in Nepal National Building code and Indian Standard code. Field observations carried out after the 25th April Gorkha earthquake in Nepal reinforce the importance of the infill walls, namely, through the significant increasing of the structur...

After an earthquake, Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) can capture point clouds of the damaged state of building facades rapidly, remotely and accurately. A long-term research effort aims to develop applications that can reconstruct ‘as-damaged’ BIM models of reinforced concrete (RC) framed buildings based on ‘as-built’ BIMs and scans of ‘asdamaged’ states. This paper focuses on a crucial step: ...

Infills can highly influence the seismic response of a Reinforced Concrete (RC) building: generally speaking, their presence leads to an increase in global stiffness and strength, but their brittle behavior can result in an increase of displacement demand if a certain threshold of seismic intensity is overcome. Moreover, presence of infills often leads to a change in the collapse mechanism comp...

Focusing on Reinforced Concrete (RC), the main building material worldwide, inflation and CO2 emissions negatively impact economic environmental sustainability of construction industry environment, respectively. Therefore, it is important to investigate correlations effects RC in view inflation–CO2 nexus. Previous literature did not sufficiently scrutinize this issue, leaving behind huge knowle...

Fibre-reinforced polymer composites in general, and especially glass fibre-reinforced (GFRP), have increasingly been used recent decades construction. The advantages of GFRP as an alternative construction material are its high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosive resistance, durability, ease installation. main purpose this study is to evaluate the response under dynamic conditions (more specific...

In this paper existing vulnerability relationships for reinforced concrete structures are reviewed with a view to their application to a European (and similar) seismic risk assessment scenario. New empirical fragility curves for reinforced concrete building populations are derived based on a data bank of 99 post-earthquake damage distributions observed in 19 earthquakes and concerning a total o...

This work evaluates the performance of a number of seismic assessment procedures when applied to a case study reinforced concrete (RC) wall building. The performance of each procedure is evaluated through its ability to accurately predict deformation demands, specifically, roof displacement, inter-storey drift ratio and wall curvatures are considered as the key engineering demand parameters. Th...

An integrated experiment and analysis research program is proposed to address the complex behavior of reinforced concrete buildings subjected to multi-directional earthquake loading and the subsequent interactions resulting from the nonlinear response of individual components that compound further the multi-directional affect of the ground motion. Results will impact a broad community ranging f...

Learning to read marks an important milestone in children. Extensive research with monolingual and bilingual children has demonstrated that language comprehension (LC) forms fundamental building blocks for reading (RC). However, mixed findings are reported among studies compare readings skills without diverse experiences. Depending on how researchers operationalize the construct of LC RC, use d...

During the 2002 seismic sequence in Molise (Italy), the town of Bonefro suffered moderate damage (IMCS VII) except for two reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. These buildings are located on soft sediments, close to each other and very similar in design and construction. The main difference is the height: the most damaged one (European Macroseismic Scale damage 4) has four stories, whereas the l...