With industrial X-ray computed tomography (CT), even low-contrast defects in cast parts, such as cracks, pores and blowholes, can be localized and measured in three dimensions. Analysis of the defects can be performed using either multi-positional 2D cross-section planes or the 3D volume view. Additionally, 3D metrology with CT becomes more and more an effective tool for many tasks in productio...

PURPOSE The noise variance versus spatial resolution relationship in differential phase contrast (DPC) projection imaging and computed tomography (CT) are derived and compared to conventional absorption-based x-ray projection imaging and CT. METHODS The scaling law for DPC-CT is theoretically derived and subsequently validated with phantom results from an experimental Talbot-Lau interferomete...

CT scanning is an important tool in the evaluation of trauma patients. We review a case involving a trauma patient in which a cervical spine computed tomography (CT) artifact affected decision-making by physicians. The CT artifact mimicked bilateral dislocated facets (51-B1.1). On the basis of CT findings, the patient was transferred to a different hospital for evaluation. Discrepancy between t...

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a medical imaging modality that allows reconstruction of the internal stucture of the human body from a large number of x-ray attenuation measurements. In recent years, the development of spectral CT, in which the energy dependence of the x-ray attenuation coe cient is utilized, has attracted considerable interest. This thesis is concerned with a spectral CT sy...

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a non-destructive, radiographic scanning technique that enables the visualisation and dimensional evaluation of both internal and external features of a workpiece; it is therefore an attractive alternative for measurement tasks that prove problematic for conventional tactile and optical instruments. The data output of a CT measurement is a volume of grey value ...

Geometry and physics of absorption imaging impose certain constraints on X-ray projections. Recently, the Epipolar Consistency Conditions (ECC) have been introduced and applied to motion correction in flat-detector computed tomography (CT). They are based on redundant information in transmission images along epipolar lines. Unlike other consistency conditions for CT scans, they act directly on ...

The purpose of this study is to survey the current patterns of practice, and barriers to implementation, of 3D image-guided brachytherapy (3D-IGBT) for cervical cancer in Japan. A 30-item questionnaire was sent to 171 Japanese facilities where high-dose-rate brachytherapy devices were available in 2012. In total, 135 responses were returned for analysis. Fifty-one facilities had acquired some s...

Due to the potential of compact imaging systems with magnified spatial resolution and contrast, cone-beam x-ray differential phase-contrast computed tomography (DPC-CT) has attracted significant interest. The current proposed FDK reconstruction algorithm with the Hilbert imaginary filter will induce severe cone-beam artifacts when the cone-beam angle becomes large. In this paper, we propose an ...

Radiation technology such as X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) is a powerful tool for materials research. Such non-destructive imaging allows us to visualize in three dimensions (3D) the internal structure of without damaging specimen. This paper thus presents our studies on application microfocus CT, synchrotron radiation and integrated microtomography diffraction (CT-XRD) method advance ce...

CT abdomen without and with IV contrast 9 Either CT or MRI is appropriate. Use thinsection CT. ☢☢☢☢ MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast 8 Either CT or MRI is appropriate. O US kidney retroperitoneal with duplex Doppler 8 O Biopsy renal mass 5 Varies MRI abdomen without IV contrast 3 This procedure can be useful to characterize simple cysts. O Arteriography kidney 1 ☢☢☢ X-ray intravenous ur...