background: radiosurgery is a focal brain irradiation technique that delivers, usually in a single session, high dose of ionizing radiation. the presence of lateral electronic disequilibrium and steep dose gradients in small fields demands special attention to the selection of a suitable detector with respect to its size, composition and response. materials and methods : small circular fields w...

Stock price has been found to provide important information about future economic activities. Fama (1981), Fischer and Merton (1984), and Barro (1990), among many others, document a positive relation between stock market return and subsequent growth in investment and output. These findings are consistent with rational expectations asset pricing models, in which stock price is equal to the sum o...

Knowledge is the foundation for growth and development. Investment in knowledge improves new method for originate knowledge society and knowledge economy. Investment in knowledge embraces expenditure on education and R&D and software. Measuring of investment in knowledge is characteristically complicated. We examine the influence of investment in knowledge in multifactor productivity growth and...

In recent years, developing countries like Nigeria with large human and natural resources have attracted huge investment leading to a rise in foreign into the Nigerian economy. To create conditions that would attract more Foreign Direct Investment manufacturing subsector, right infrastructure must be put place. This study examined relationship between Investment, output Nigeria. Time series dat...

This study aims to capture the investment performance of agricultural sector in capital formation and incremental output ratio (ICOR) its relative contribution national economy 2011-2020 period. ICOR research method is changes due as an indicator measure performance. The data used secondary obtained from Central Statistics Agency (BPS). results show that food crop has fluctuated throughout 2011...

Most developing nations need foreign support in order to fill their infrastructural gap. This is also true for Nigeria. One major source of inflow the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). study examines impact FDI on economic output, measured by real GDP, Nigeria while accounting moderating Inflation Rate (INFR), Interest (INTR) and Exchange (EXR). Using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model,...

Modifying the proof of a theorem of Wilkie, it is shown that if a one dimnsional set S is definable in an O minimal expansion of the ordered field of the reals, and if it is regularly exponentially near to many integral points, then there is an unbounded set, which is R definable without parameters, and which is exponentially near to S.

In this article we will describe some of the main developments in interest-rate modelling since Black & Scholes’ (1973) and Merton’s (1973) original articles on the pricing of equity derivatives. In particular, we will focus on continuoustime, arbitrage-free models for the full term structure of interest rates. Other models which model a limited number of key interest rates or which operate in ...