Sir, The impact of raindrops has major consequences on the soil surface conditions. The effects of rain drop energy on erosion and infiltration have been investigated (Fernandes et al., 1997). Palmer (1965) found that a thin layer of water increases the effects of raindrop impact force on soil properties; this result has been confirmed by numerical simulation (Huang et al., 1983; Chang & Hills,...

BALASUBRAMANIAN, G., UDAYASOORIAN, C. & PRABU, P. C. 2007. Effects of short-term exposure of simulated acid rain on the growth of Acacia nilotica. The response and measurable effects of simulated acid rain at different pH levels of 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, 6.5 and 7.0 on Acacia nilotica seedlings grown on black and red soils were investigated for six months. A set of 10 potted seedlings in each treatment...

This paper explores a number of experimental game-based projects (including Tekken Torture Tournament, Painstation, September 12th: A Toy World, Under Ash, Desert Rain) in order to interrogate the critical potential of computer games. Gonzalo Frasca’s proposition this this potential arises from the nature of computer games as simulations will be evaluated with reference to Bernard Stiegler’s co...

Fluid animations in computer graphics show interactions with various kinds of objects. However, fluid flowing through a granular material such as sand is still not possible within current frameworks. In this paper, we present the simulation of fine granular materials interacting with fluids. We propose a unified Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics framework for the simulation of both fluid and gran...

Millimeter wave band is still under exploited compared to the microwave band and it can be a potential frequency band for resolving the spectrum congestion. Therefore, millimeter-wave networks are undergoing intensive development to meet the necessity for high speed wireless data transmission. However, millimeter-wave band is largely affected by attenuation due to rain. While calculating link b...

With regard to reconstructing the gamma background dose rate, existing models are either empirical with limited applicability or have many unknown input parameters, which complicates their application in practice. Due this, there is a need search for new approach and build convenient, easily applicable universal model. The paper proposes mathematical model temporal evolution of ambient equivale...

WIND SCATTEROMETRY WITH IMPROVED AMBIGUITY SELECTION AND RAIN MODELING David Draper Electrical and Computer Engineering Doctor of Philosophy Although generally accurate, the quality of SeaWinds on QuikSCAT scatterometer ocean vector winds is compromised by certain natural phenomena and retrieval algorithm limitations. This dissertation addresses three main contributers to scatterometer estimate...

abstract in this study we have used the monthly data resulted from the calculation of temperature and precipitation for a 52-year period (1951-2003). the doubling effect of carbon dioxide ( ) on temperature and precipitation was modeled as the most important climatic parameters. the resulting hythergraph and ambrothermic models for tabriz indicate monthly increases of temperature and precipitat...