Large, high-severity wildfires remove vegetation cover and expose mineral soil, ofen causing erosion and runoff during postfire rain events to increase dramatically. Land-management agencies in the United States are required to assess site conditions after wildfire and, where necessary, implement emergency watershed rehabilitation measures to help stabilize soil; control movement of water, sedi...

The flow field and erosion pattern of continuous and pulsating impinging jets has been studied experimentally. The mean velocity field as well as turbulent and pulsation components, wall pressure and wall shear stress distr ibutions were investigated in an axisymmetric air jet impinging upon a rough wall. The results show how harmonic velocity pulsations at the nozzle affect both the mean and t...

Dental erosion is a prevalent condition that occurs worldwide. It is the result of exposure of the enamel and dentin to nonbacterial acids of extrinsic and intrinsic origin, whereby mineral loss occurs from the surface of the tooth. The most frequently affected areas are the palatal surface of maxillary incisors and the occlusal surface of the mandibular first molars in adolescents. Characteris...

Highlights The infiltration capacities of unsurfaced roadways are frequently exceeded by rain intensity, promoting overland flow. Erosion rates from and cut slopes 10 1 to 4 times greater than on undisturbed hillslopes. Roads in steep, subtropical wet terranes may increase landslide erosion a factor 5 relative areas without roads. hydro-geomorphic impact roads is so prominent that they must be ...

Erosion is a major threat for coasts worldwide, beaches in particular, which constitute one of the most valuable coastal landforms. Vulnerability assessments related to beach erosion may contribute to planning measures to counteract erosion by identifying, quantifying and ranking vulnerability. Herein, we present a new index, the Beach Vulnerability Index (BVI), which combines simplicity in cal...

Rainfall simulations allow for controlled comparisons of runoff and erosion among ecosystems and land cover conditions. Runoff and erosion can increase greatly following fire, yet there are few rainfall simulation studies for post-fire plots, particularly after severe fire in semiarid forest. We conducted rainfall simulations shortly after a severe fire (Cerro Grande) in ponderosa pine forest n...