The expanding use of imaging and interventional studies with iodinated radiologic contrast agents underscores the potential risk for dye nephropathy. Currently, dye-induced nephropathy is one of the leading causes of iatrogenic acute kidney failure, accounting for about 10% of renal failure in intensive care units. In this review, the pathophysiology of radiocontrast nephropathy is discussed, w...

IN the perioperative period, anaphylactic reactions are often induced by the intravenous administration of muscle relaxants, antibiotics, colloids, and radiocontrast materials as well as after local contact with latexcontaining materials (e.g., gloves, catheters, airway tube) and chlorhexidine. Inhalation of toxic and highly irritant substances contained in cleaning solutions has occasionally b...

Hypersensitivity reactions to contrast media (CM) are frequent causes of anaphylaxis and drug exanthemas. Adverse events after CM exposure are classified into immediate (≤1 h) and non-immediate reactions (>1 h), with differing mechanisms. In the majority of patients with immediate reactions, IgE-mediated allergy cannot be demonstrated, and the underlying mechanism remains unknown. However, rece...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Parstatin is a 41-mer peptide formed by proteolytic cleavage on activation of the protease-activated receptor 1. Parstatin was recently found to be cardioprotective against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. In the present study, it was hypothesized that parstatin would protect the kidneys in acute renal failure. METHODS We investigated the effects of parstatin on th...

the head for evaluation of memory loss. She received 100 ml of diatrizoate meglumine (Angiovist 282), an intravenous RCM. The patient had never previously been exposed to RCM and within 1 mm of its administration, she complained of severe dyspnea and a sensation of fullness in her neck, as if someone were choking her. The radiologist evaluating the patient did not report evidence of facial swel...

Modern iodinated radiocontrast media are all based on the triiodinated benzene ring with various chemical modifications having been made over the last few decades in order to reduce their toxicity. However, CIN remains a problem especially in patients with pre-existing renal failure. In vitro studies have demonstrated that all RCM are cytotoxic. RCM administration in vivo may lead to a decrease...

BACKGROUND Millions of interventional pain procedures are performed each year in the United States. Interventional pain physicians commonly administer radiocontrast media (RCM) under fluoroscopy for these procedures. However, RCM can cause various types of hypersensitivity or allergic type reactions, in an acute or delayed fashion. Furthermore, some patients report a prior history of hypersens...

15. Fagerudd JA, Tarnow I, Jacobsen P et al. Predisposition to 17. Chen JW, Jen SL, Lee WL et al. Differential glucose tolerance in dipper and nondipper essential hypertension. Diabetes Care essential hypertension and development of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. Diabetes 1998; 47: 439–444 1998; 21: 1743–1748 18. Schernthaner G, Ritz E, Philipp Th, Bretzel R. Die Bedeutung 16. Strojek K...