BACKGROUND Rabies is a serious reemerging zoonosis in China. At present human rabies cases are primarily diagnosed based on clinical presentation. CASE PRESENTATION In August 2012, a woman and her son were attacked by a stray dog in Henan, China. The son received rabies postexposure prophylaxis (wound treatment followed by vaccine, no immunoglobulin), however, the mother did not. Rabies infec...

BACKGROUND New recommendations for rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) were published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization in 2010. In view of these new recommendations, we investigated the adequacy of rabies PEP among patients consulting our travel clinic. METHODS A retrospective analysis of the files of all patients who consulted for rabies P...

V accination of dogs against rabies began with Louis Pasteur and his colleagues in 1884. 1 Mass vaccination of dogs against rabies, however, did not begin until 1919 with a phenol inactivated vaccine developed in Ja-pan. 2 This same product was introduced for use in the United States in 1922. 3 Since then, various types of rabies vaccines for animal use have been licensed by the USDA CVB. These...

BACKGROUND Green synthesis of nanoparticles by plant extracts plays a significant role in different applications. Recently, several studies were conducted on the use of nanoparticles as adjuvant. The main aim of this study was to evaluate green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as adjuvant in rabies veterinary vaccine and compare the results with the existing commercially available alum ...

BACKGROUND Australia uses a protocol combining human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG) and rabies vaccine for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) of rabies and Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV), with the aim of achieving an antibody titre of ≥0.5 IU/ml, as per World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, as soon as possible. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We present the course of PEP administration and ...

In Japan, the import quarantine regulation against rabies has required from 2005 that dogs and cats should be inoculated with the rabies vaccine and that the neutralizing antibody titer should be confirmed to be at least 0.5 international units (IU)/ml. The fluorescent antibody virus neutralization (FAVN) test is used as an international standard method for serological testing for rabies. To ac...

RABORAL V-RG(®)a is a recombinant vaccine used in oral rabies vaccination (ORV) programs for wildlife in the United States. Vaccination rates for raccoons are substantially lower than vaccination rates for gray foxes and coyotes. Research suggests that the low viscosity of the oral vaccine may preclude animals from receiving an effective dose when biting into the vaccine bait delivery system. W...

In India rabies still remains a major public health problem and has high risk of mortality associated with it. Two types ot antirabies vaccines are in current use in human beings as prophylaxis against rabies, i) nervous tissue vaccine (BPL inactivated vaccine) and ii) duck embryo vaccine. Severe neuroparalytic reactions have been described following use of each type of vaccine (Toro et al 1977...

Courses of post-exposure rabies vaccination in clinical practice are often not administered completely. If suspected animals are still alive after 10 days of observation, full post-exposure vaccination will usually be withheld from bite victims. In this study, we compared the cost differences between complete and incomplete courses of post-exposure rabies vaccination. The cost calculations were...

The immunogenicity and efficacy of two rabies vaccines in wild-caught, captive raccoons (Procyon lotor) were investigated. Raccoons were fed Ontario Slim (OS) baits containing a recombinant vaccinia virus-rabies glycoprotein (VRG) oral rabies vaccine, or they were given an intramuscular (IM) injection of IMRAB(®) 3 rabies vaccine. Blood samples collected before treatment and from weeks 1 to 16 ...