The rapid increase in adult mortality due to the AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa raises great concern about potential intergenerational effects on children. This article estimates the impact of AIDS-related adult mortality on primary school attendance in rural Kenya using a panel of 1,266 households surveyed in 1997, 2000, and 2002. The paper distinguishes between effects on boys’ and girls...

This study examines the impact of participation in short supply chains (SSCs) on technical efficiency (TE) and technological change (TC) cucumber production China, using data for period 2011–2016. The meta-frontier model two-stage residual inclusion approach are utilized to examine association between SSC participation, comparable TE, TC. Accounting selection bias, we show that significantly de...

Using detailed household-level data from Malawi on physical quantities of agricultural outputs and inputs, we measure farm total factor productivity (TFP), controlling for land quality, rain, transitory shocks. We find that operated size capital are essentially unrelated to TFP, implying substantial misallocation. The output gain a reallocation factors their efficient use among existing farmers...

Improving “ last-mile” public service delivery is a recurring challenge in developing countries. Could the widespread adoption of mobile phones provide scalable, cost-effective means for improvement? We use large-scale experiment to evaluate impact phone-based monitoring on program that transferred nearly billion dollars 5.7 million Indian farmers. In randomly selected jurisdictions, officials ...

PurposeTo report the 2-year efficacy and safety of abicipar every 8 weeks quarterly (after initial doses) compared with monthly ranibizumab in patients treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).DesignTwo multicenter, randomized, phase 3 clinical trials identical protocols (CEDAR SEQUOIA). Analyses used pooled trial data.ParticipantsThe enrolled 1888 (1 eye/patient) act...

Invariants of the plane-stress elasticity stiffness matrix [Q] play a key role in composite design, as they simplify design processes. Multiple invariants have been proposed independently past, such ‘trace’ Tr=trace([Q]) by Tsai and Melo or U1, U4 U5, which are often used context lamination parameters. The present paper presents parametric description rotation-independent (invariant) linear com...