Presented article suggests the novel hypothesis of carcinogenesis, where the key moment for all types of carcinogenesis (biological, physical, chemical) has been discussed. The thorough theoretical analysis of the mechanisms of malignant transformation of cells after influence of carcinogens has been presented. Hypothesis highlights importance of mitochondrial electron transport chain alteratio...

Veillonella alcalescens, a strict anaerobe, was found to possess a nitrate reductase system which has characteristics of both assimilatory and respiratory nitrate reduction. The nitrate reductase has been identified tentatively as a particulate enzyme which utilizes a variety of electron donors for the reduction of nitrate. By use of (15)N-labeled nitrate, it was shown that under appropriate co...

The present work aimed to synthesise promising antioxidant compounds as a valuable alternative to the currently expensive and easily degradable molecules that are employed as stabilizers in industrial preparation. Taking into account our experience concerning domino Friedel-Crafts/lactonization reactions, we successfully improved and extended the previously reported methodology toward the synth...

During anaerobic glycolysis in vitro in the presence of salicylhydroxamic acid, Trypanosoma brucei brucei converts glucose to equimolar amounts of glycerol and pyruvate as end products. Glycerol, whether generated endogenously and pyruvate as end products. Glycerol, whether generated endogenously or added exogenously, can inhibit anaerobic glycolysis sufficiently in vitro to result in cell deat...

Optimized methods are described for the analysis of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, alanine, glycerol, D-3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate in perchloric acid extracts of human blood using the Cobas Bio centrifugal analyser. Glucose and lactate are measured using the photometric mode and other metabolites using the fluorimetric mode. The intra-assay coefficients of variation ranged from 0.7 to 4.1%...

The kinetic properties of purified yeast pyruvate kinase were investigated. The enzyme showed cooperative kinetics toward the essential activating monovalent cations K+ and NH4+, Mg2+, and phosphoenolpyruvate. Fructose 1,6diphosphate, which yielded homotropic cooperative kinetics and did not affect maximal velocity, transformed the sigmoidal kinetics of Kf and NH4+, Mgz+, and phosphoenolpyruvat...

We investigate the mechanisms underlying the redox switch/redox coupling hypothesis by characterizing the competitive consumption of glucose or lactate and the kinetics of pyruvate production in primary cultures of cortical neurons and astrocytes from rat brain. Glucose consumption was determined in neuronal cultures incubated in Krebs ringer bicarbonate buffer (KRB) containing 0.25-5 mM glucos...

Enzyme function is strongly affected by temperature, and orthologs from species adapted to different thermal environments often show temperature compensation in kinetic properties. Antarctic notothenioid fishes live in a habitat of constant, extreme cold (-1.86 +/- 2 degrees C), and orthologs of the enzyme A4-lactate dehydrogenase (A4-LDH) in these species have adapted to this environment throu...

The content of human sweat is studied by high-resolution NMR, and the majority of organic components most often found in sweat of conditionally healthy people are identified. Original and simple tools are designed for sweat sampling from different areas of human body. The minimal surface area needed for sampling is in the range of 50-100 cm(2). On all the surface parts of the human body examine...

Although most of the reactions involved in the interconversion of glycogen and pyruvic acid are reversible, there is reason to believe that under physiological conditions the synthetic pathway may differ significantly from the degradativc (1, 2). In particular, the reaction catalyzed by phosphoenolpyruvate kinase, although reversible (3), contributes little to glycogen synthesis from pyruvate i...