While natural spatial temperature gradients between measurement needles have been thoroughly investigated for continuous heat-based sap flow methods, little attention has been given to how natural changes in stem temperature impact heat pulse-based methods through temporal rather than spatial effects. By modelling the theoretical equation for both an ideal instantaneous pulse and a step pulse a...

We discuss the mechanism of fast and slow light generation when optical pulses propagate through a fiber taper coupled to an ultrahigh-Q microsphere system in the time domain. Fast and slow light are explained as interference effects between ballistic light through the fiber and circulated light within the sphere. One of the striking effects predicted by this model is dynamic pulse splitting in...

Pulse methylprednisolone therapy has dramatic effects on clinical and immunological parameters of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Previous studies of this treatment have all used the intravenous route and methylprednisolone succinate. This study addresses the question of whether oral prednisolone in equivalent doses can substitute for intravenous methylprednisolone in pu...

A vector-valued intensity measure (IM) is shown to account for the effects of pulse-like near-fault ground motions. This class of ground motions, which are indicated by the presence of a velocity pulse, can cause large responses in structures and their effects are not well described by traditional intensity measures such as spectral acceleration at the structure’s first-mode period, Sa(T1). It ...

BACKGROUND While electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in major depression is effective, cognitive effects limit its use. Reducing the width of the electrical pulse and using the right unilateral electrode placement may decrease adverse cognitive effects, while preserving efficacy. METHODS In a double-masked study, we randomly assigned 90 depressed patients to right unilateral ECT at 6 times seizur...

Pulse pressure, the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure, is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Increased pulse pressure reflects reduced compliance of arteries and is a marker of atherosclerosis. To locate genes that affect pulse pressure, a genome-wide linkage scan for quantitative trait loci influencing pulse pressure was performed using variance compo...

Field populations of aquatic organisms, particularly those inhabiting flowing waters, likely are exposed to short pulses of pesticides following periods of spray drift, surface runoff, or drain flow. In the present study, we investigated the effect of pulse exposures of a pyrethroid insecticide, esfenvalerate, on survival, development, and reproduction of the midge, Chironomus riparius. The fir...

Introduction: The prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a cyclooxygenase (COX) product, play critical roles in the synaptic plasticity. Therefore, long term use of COX inhibitors may impair the synaptic plasticity. Considering the wide clinical administration of aspirin and its unknown effects on information processing in the brain, the effect of aspirin and sodium salicylate on the short term synaptic p...

in present study we determine the zinc and lead levels in human blood samples by differential pulse polarography under optimum experimental conditions (ph=7.5, scan rate=5mv/s and pulse amplitude=50mv) the polarographic reduction peaks of zn and pb were examinedin the -0.72 v and-0.15 respectively. the zinc and lead content can be determined by in comparison with their standard solutions. accor...