In the course of clinical and forensic work, psychologists sometimes discover serious weaknesses in knowledge, performance, or ethics in other psychologists' work. The ethical code of the American Psychological Association mandates confronting such a psychologist prior to making a professional complaint. This mandatory confrontation typically is omitted because of a sense of awkwardness or a fe...

When a psychologist understands the relationship of Taoism to Western personality dimensions, it is then possible for the psychologist to apply counseling and psychotherapy concepts which may surpass traditional methods. A group of writings, the Tao Te Ching, attributed to Lao Tzu (1972), and those of Chuang Tzu, emerged in fifth-century China. These writings expressed a natural way of intercon...