An important question in neurobiology is how different cell fates are established along the dorsoventral (DV) axis of the central nervous system (CNS). Here we investigate the origins of DV patterning within the Drosophila CNS. The earliest sign of neural DV patterning is the expression of three homeobox genes in the neuroectoderm-ventral nervous system defective (vnd), intermediate neuroblasts...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study tested whether dating violence (DV) victimization is associated with increases in BMI across the transition from adolescence to young adulthood and whether gender and previous exposure to child maltreatment modify such increases. METHODS Data were from participants (N = 9295; 49.9% female) in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. BMI was ca...

MOTIVATION Current microarray analyses focus on identifying sets of genes that are differentially expressed (DE) or differentially coexpressed (DC) in different biological states (e.g. diseased versus non-diseased). We observed that in many human diseases, some genes have a significant increase or decrease in expression variability (variance). As these observed changes in expression variability...

7. Corah NL. Development of a dental anxiety scale. J Dent Res 1969;48:496. 8. Corah NL, Pantera RE. Controlled study of psychologic stress in a dental procedure. J Dent Res 1968;47:154-157. 9. Scott DS, Hirschman R. Psychological aspects of dental anxiety in adults. JADA 1982;104:27-31. 10. Sheehan DV. Panic and phobic disorders: Current concepts in psychiatry. New Engl J Med 1982;307:156-168....

BACKGROUND Foetal echocardiography has become a diagnostic method to detect foetal congenital heart disease with high probability. However, it is not only time consuming and but also difficult to visualize outflow tract of foetus early in the second trimester of pregnancy, even for an experienced obstetric ultrasonographer. Recently, many methods for screening foetal cardiac anomalies were expl...

A Maglev system was modeled by the exact feedback linearization to achieve two same linear subsystems. The proportional-integral-differential controllers (PID) based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with four different inertia weights were then used to regulate both linear subsystems. These different inertia weights were Fixed Inertia Weight (FIW), Linear Descend Inertia Weight (L...

Individual and family characteristics that predict resilience among children exposed to domestic violence (DV) were examined. Mother-child dyads (n = 190) were assessed when the children were 2, 3, and 4 years of age. DV-exposed children were 3.7 times more likely than nonexposed children to develop internalizing or externalizing problems. However, 54% of DV-exposed children maintained positive...

The relative disparity between two objects in a scene can in principle be measured directly from the retinal images, without knowledge of eye position. But relative disparity increment thresholds are lowest when the relative disparity is small and the objects are not widely separated in the visual field: thus, some relative disparities are easier for the visual system to measure than others. We...

Patterning of the vertebrate anteroposterior (AP) axis proceeds temporally from anterior to posterior. How dorsoventral (DV) axial patterning relates to AP temporal patterning is unknown. We examined the temporal activity of BMP signaling in patterning ventrolateral cell fates along the AP axis, using transgenes that rapidly turn "off" or "on" BMP signaling. We show that BMP signaling patterns ...

INTRODUCTION: Infection with all serotypes of dengue virus (DV) results in augmented antigen presentation by MHC class I molecules. However, the upregulation of immunoproteasome subunits only results from infection with two serotypes. This study aims to elucidate changes in the expression of immunoproteasome subunits resulting from infection with DV, particularly DV serotype 2 (DV2). METHODS:...