نتایج جستجو برای: prophylaxis

تعداد نتایج: 30484  

Journal: :Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 2021

The Scandinavian Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Clinical practice Committee endorses the BMJ Rapid Recommendation Gastrointestinal bleeding prophylaxis for critically ill patients—a clinical guideline. guideline serves as a useful decision aid clinicians caring patients, can be used together with experience to decide whether specific patient may benefit from gastrointest...

2017
Deborah Donnell Eric Ramos Connie Celum Jared Baeten Joan Dragavon Jordan Tappero Jairam R. Lingappa Allan Ronald Kenneth Fife Robert W. Coombs

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) alters timing and patterns of seroconversion when PrEP use continues after HIV-1 infection. DESIGN Retrospective testing of the timing of Fiebig stage HIV-1 seroconversion in the Partners PrEP Study, a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of PrEP conducted in Kenya and Uganda. METHODS Specimens from 138 seroconvert...

Journal: :Bulletin of mathematical biology 2013
Yuqin Zhao Dobromir T Dimitrov Hao Liu Yang Kuang

Mathematical models have been used to simulate HIV transmission and to study the use of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention. Often a single intervention outcome over 10 years has been used to evaluate the effectiveness of PrEP interventions. However, different metrics express a wide variation over time and often disagree in their forecast on the success of the intervention. We dev...

2013
Ahmed Abdel-Aziz Ayman El-Menyar Hassan Al-Thani Ahmad Zarour Ashok Parchani Mohammad Asim Rasha El-Enany Haleema Al-Tamimi Rifat Latifi

Objectives. To assess the standard practice of care of surgeons regarding surgical antibiotic prophylaxis, to identify gaps, and to set recommendations. Methods. A retrospective analysis of data obtained from different surgical units in a single center in Qatar over a 3-month period in 2012. A total of 101 patients who underwent surgery and followed regimes for surgical prophylaxis as per hospi...

Journal: :The Lancet. Infectious diseases 2013
Kristen Underhill Kenneth H Mayer

The pioneering trials of antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention have yielded a potent new strategy for the reduction of HIV incidence in atrisk populations. However, pre-exposure prophylaxis is inherently a combination approach: the intervention eff ect will depend not only on drug effi cacy, but also on behaviours of users and providers. Before the fi rst trial fi ndings em...

Journal: :The Journal of foot and ankle surgery : official publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons 2015
Paul Dayton Jason G DeVries Adam Landsman Andrew Meyr Monica Schweinberger

Some controversy exists regarding the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in elective foot and ankle surgery. A task force was appointed by the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (ACFAS) to provide a clinical consensus statement on this topic. The panel members performed a literature search and identified 6 studies that met the inclusion criteria. They then developed a list of 13 questions a...

2018
Erika Aaron Cori Blum Dominika Seidman Mary Jo Hoyt Joanne Simone Meg Sullivan Dawn K. Smith

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective HIV prevention method; however, it is underutilized among women who are at risk for acquisition of HIV. Women comprise one in five HIV diagnoses in the United States, and significant racial disparities in new HIV diagnoses persist. The rate of new HIV diagnoses among black and African American women in 2015 was 16 times greater than that of w...

2015
Walid Heneine

Purpose of review Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with daily Truvada has demonstrated clinical efficacy against HIV-1 acquisition that correlates with high adherence. Long-acting antiretroviral drugs offer an alternative to daily regimens and may improve PrEP adherence. This review summarizes the preclinical nonhuman primate studies for evaluating the efficacy of cabotegravir long-acting as PrEP...

Journal: :Journal of orthopaedic surgery 2003
Z F Zairul-Nizam Y A Gul

PURPOSE To survey Malaysian orthopaedic surgeons' attitudes to and use of venous thromboembolic disease prophylaxis. METHODS A total of 144 orthopaedic surgeons from various governmental and private institutions responded to a questionnaire. RESULTS Only slightly more than half of these surgeons considered venous thromboembolic disease as common a problem in Malaysia as in western countries...

Journal: :The Lancet. Infectious diseases 2008
Xavier Duval Catherine Leport

Infective endocarditis is a severe disease with high mortality, and results most often from the combination of bacteraemia (sometimes provoked) and a predisposing cardiac condition. Prophylaxis for infective endocarditis has been recommended by different countries on the basis of the supposed pathophysiology of the disease, although no randomised clinical trial has confirmed its efficacy. We re...

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