BACKGROUND We aimed to assess the effect of prophylactic injection therapy during the index gastroscopy on upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to Forrest type 2b duodenal ulcer. METHODS The patients who were admitted with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and who underwent emergency gastroscopy between January 2004 and January 2011 were recruited to the study retrospectively. Among those, the p...

Many chemo prophylactic approaches to manage or prevent opportunistic infections using many drugs have been reported. Based on the reported cases of chemo prophylactic approaches to manage opportunistic infections, the effect of Cotrimoxazole on HIV patients was studied. Seventy two patients with CD4+ cell counts ≤ 350cells/μl were recruited for the study. Each patient received cotrimoxazole tw...

OBJECTIVES Flare-up during root canal treatment of non vital teeth is a common clinical incident. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of prophylactic use of antibiotics to avoid flare up during root canal treatment of the teeth having asymptomatic necrotic pulp. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized double blind clinical trial with parallel design was conducted on 100 subjects ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There are rising concerns about the frequency of infection after arthroplasty surgery. Prophylactic antibiotics are an important part of the preventive measures. As their effect is related to the timing of administration, it is important to follow how the routines with preoperative prophylactic antibiotics are working. METHODS In 114 consecutive cases treated at our own...

BACKGROUND Prophylactic administration of calcitriol has been suggested to mitigate the risk of hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy. The effect of calcitriol on postoperative serum ionized calcium concentrations has not been evaluated in dogs after parathyroidectomy. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of prophylactic calcitriol administration on postoperative serum ionized calcium...

OBJECTIVES To determine the prophylactic effect of antibiotics on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) cholangitis or sepsis reduction in randomized controlled trials. METHODS Databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Science Citation Index updated to June 2007 were searched. Main outcome measure was post-ERCP cholangitis or sepsis. RESULTS Seven trial...

BACKGROUND This study was conducted to reveal that whether i.v. injection of oleuropein, the most potent polyphenolic antioxidant in olive leaf, has any effect on the magnitude of reperfusion arrhythmia in anesthetized rats or not. METHODS Eighty male Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups of 10 each: groups 1 and 5 were assigned as the prophylactic and treatment control groups, groups 2 and ...

Smoke-induced lung injury in rats was assessed in terms of histopathology, gross mortality, neutrophil accumulation and as capillary leak. Administration of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2), 2.8 atm abs for 45 min, inhibited adhesion of circulating neutrophils subsequent to smoke inhalation. HBO2 reduced pulmonary neutrophil accumulation whether used in a prophylactic manner, 24 h before smoke inhalati...

absract gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death. most cases are sporadic and only 10% of patients, show familial clustering. among these patients, 1 to 3 % have hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (hdgc), which is autosomal-dominant and present in younger ages. mutations in ecadherin gene cdh1 has been identified in 30 to 50% of patients. becau...