with the unfolding of recent developments in the arab world and fall of political systems in some of arab countries as well as spread of islamic thoughts, new grounds have been created for new wave of islamic awakening. it seems that this wave has become dynamic over the past few years. islamic awakening is an opportunity for realization of the ideal of palestine. the present paper is an attemp...

The developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) hypothesis states that environmental influences in utero and in early life can determine health and disease in later life through the programming of genes and/or altered gene expression. The DOHaD is likely to have had an effect in South Africa during the fifty years of apartheid; and during the twenty years since the dawn of democracy in ...

Although evidence from scientific evaluations of health promotion programs has demonstrated improvements in selected health outcomes, the relationship between participation in health programs and definitive economic returns in medical cost savings has been more difficult to establish. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of employee participation in health promotion programs with...

Background. Today, success in international and championship sports comes with various benefits because of a sense of national pride, economic profitability, as well as diplomacy. Objectives. The aim of this study is to identify and analyse factors that are effective in promoting the national teams of Iran. Methods. This study used a mixed method and data was collected through desk studies, i...

Over the past few years, many pharmaceutical manufacturers have settled claims brought by the US Department of Justice (USDOJ) alleging that the drug companies engaged in illegal, off-label product promotion. Between 2003 and 2007, 11 investigations involving off-label promotion in the US were settled. Six of those investigations settled in 2007 alone. In addition, Pfizer Inc. recently announce...

Abstract   his study employs a structural vector autoregression (SVAR) model to investigate the macroeconomic shocks on Malaysian tourism industry, especially how the economy dynamically responds to oil price shocks, exchange rates, changes in price level, exports, economic growth and tourism income during the study time period from January 2001 to December 2012. The results indicate that oil...