BACKGROUND/AIMS Recent studies have demonstrated marked renin and prorenin concentration gradients between ocular tissues and blood, and local expression of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the eye. The authors determined whether serum total renin, which mostly consists of prorenin, is a marker of the activity and severity of diabetic retinopathy independent of other microvascular complica...

A recent pooled analysis from 35population based studies estimated 93 million people worldwide have diabetic retinopathy of whom 17 (~18%) proliferative retinopathy,21 (~23%) macular edema (DME) and 28 (~20%) sight threatening retinopathy. So, it is the leading cause blindness. Therefore, a worthwhile topic for all medical students to conduct research in retinopathy.Background Diabetic include ...

Objectives: Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) is one of the leading causes blindness and visual loss. Panretinal Photocoagulation (PRP) reduces risk severe vision loss in PDR. Good acuity results can improve vision-related quality life. The objective this study to evaluate effect laser PRP on patients with PDR Methods: In prospective study, 30 (12 men 18 women) treated were included (mea...

The rate of aqueous humour formation was measured by fluorophotometry in 34 insulin-dependent diabetic patients and 12 non-diabetic controls to determine whether or not aqueous flow in diabetics differed from that of normal controls, and whether or not aqueous flow among diabetics was correlated with the stage of retinopathy. Diabetic patients were divided into three groups based on the degree ...

AIM To describe the relation between pulse rate and incident diabetic retinopathy. METHODS Population based cohort study of people with diabetes. Resting pulse rate was measured in 30 second intervals. Diabetic retinopathy was evaluated from masked gradings of fundus photographs. RESULTS People with higher pulse rates were more likely to have 4 year progression of retinopathy, progression t...

OBJECTIVES To describe the classification, clinical features, and evaluation of diabetic retinopathy and to review its conventional as well as most updated management. DATA SOURCES Literature search of Medline up to October 2006. STUDY SELECTION Key words for the literature search were 'diabetic', 'retinopathy', 'treatment', 'laser photocoagulation', 'vitrectomy', 'corticosteroid', 'protein...

Key learning points • Detecting and diagnosing diabetic retinopathy is not complicated. There are clinical signs which can be seen with an ophthalmoscope or a slit lamp and 90or 78-dioptre lens. • Diabetic retinopathy is treatable. Treatment usually maintains vision, but does not restore vision that has alread y been lost. • In diabetic maculopathy, laser or anti-VEGF injections are both proven...

INTRODUCTION We aimed to investigate activities of metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in aqueous humour of patients with diabetes mellitus with various stages of diabetic retinopathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS We included 36 samples of aqueous humour of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus, undergoing routine cataract surgery. Seven of them suffered from proliferative diabetic retinopathy...

PURPOSE To study the 4 years incidence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type II diabetes and effective factors on its progression. METHODS Among diabetic patients referred to Yazd Diabetes Research Center, 120 patients with type II diabetes without diabetic retinopathy were selected. After complete ophthalmic examination, fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar, triglyceri...

THE advent of proliferative retinopathy gravely influences the prognosis with regard to vision in a diabetic, and the management of this complication is one of the most difficult medical problems of the present time. The term proliferative retinopathy is here used in its widest sense, to include not only the more obvious neovascular and connective tissue lesions which arise from the disc area, ...