Adult neural stem cell proliferation is dynamic and has the potential for massive self-renewal yet undergoes limited cell division in vivo. Here, we report an epigenetic mechanism regulating proliferation and self-renewal. The recruitment of the PI3K-related kinase signaling pathway and histone H2AX phosphorylation following GABA(A) receptor activation limits subventricular zone proliferation. ...

BACKGROUND Diabetic HDL had diminished capacity to stimulate endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration, and adhesion to extracellular matrix. The mechanism of such dysfunction is poorly understood and we therefore sought to determine the mechanistic features of diabetic HDL dysfunction. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We found that the dysfunction of diabetic HDL on human umbilical vein e...

Dendritic cells (DC) have a central role in the initiation of adequate immune responses. They recognize pathogens by means of Toll-like receptors (TLR) and link innate to adaptive immune responses by releasing proinflammatory cytokines and inducing T cell proliferation. We conducted this study to evaluate the expression and function of TLR on human lung DC subsets and to study their T cell stim...

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is a mitogen for pulmonary epithelial cells. Intratracheal administration of KGF to adult rats results in alveolar epithelial type II and bronchiolar epithelial cell proliferation. While cellular responses to KGF have been intensively studied, functional consequences regarding lung function are unknown. Therefore, in this study, we sought to investigate whether ...

CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells participate in the regulation of immune responses. We recently demonstrated the presence of CD25brightCD4+ regulatory T cells with a capacity to control T cell proliferation in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we investigate a possible accumulation of these regulatory T cells in the inflamed joint of different rheumatic diseases including rheu...

This study aimed to explore whether angiotensin II (Ang II) inhibits the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by changing mitochondrial energy metabolism, and whether atorvastatin has a protective role via restoration of endothelial function. HUVECs were treated with 1 µM Ang II alone or with 10 µM atorvastatin for 24 h. Proliferation was detected by MTT assay, cell ...

Colorectal tumorigenesis is accompanied by the generation of oxidative stress, but how this controls tumor development is poorly understood. Here, we studied how the H2O2-reducing enzyme glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPx2) regulates H2O2 stress and differentiation in patient-derived "colonosphere" cultures. GPx2 silencing caused accumulation of radical oxygen species, sensitization to H2O2-induced ...

We show how to compute or at least to estimate various capacity-related quantities for bosonic Gaussian channels. Among these are the coherent information, the entanglement-assisted classical capacity, the one-shot classical capacity, and a quantity involving the transpose operation, shown to be a general upper bound on the quantum capacity, even allowing for finite errors. All bounds are expli...

One of the most surprising recent results in quantum Shannon theory is the superactivation of the quantum capacity of a quantum channel. This phenomenon has its roots in the extreme violation of additivity of the channel capacity and enables to reliably transmit quantum information over zerocapacity quantum channels. In this work we demonstrate a similar effect for the classical capacity of a q...