Abstract Wood in Austria has been an indispensable source of energy, but also, a crucial building material. In the field dendroarchaeology timeline between raw material harvest and finalisation wooden construction is piece puzzle understanding history. This paper aims to provide overview on historical timber supply by examining felling debarking methods, as recorded old literature and, from vis...

The main problem with the utilization of untended stands for energy use is that small-diameter trees are expensive to harvest, and value harvest fails exceed harvesting cost. Until now, equation has appeared difficult solve, but a wood innovation – Risupeto II accumulating felling head which works on continuous basis, could provide solution cost young dense undergrowth. novel attached boom craw...

ABSTRACT We propose a new asset pricing framework in which all securities' signals predict each individual return. While the literature focuses on own‐signal predictability, assuming equal strength across securities, our includes cross‐predictability—leading to three main results. First, we derive optimal strategy closed form. It consists of eigenvectors “prediction matrix,” call “principal por...