We study primordial gravitational waves produced during inflation in quantum gravity at a Lifshitz point proposed by Horava. Assuming power-counting renormalizability, foliation-preserving diffeomorphism invariance, and the condition of detailed balance, we show that primordial gravitational waves are circularly polarized due to parity violation. The chirality of primordial gravitational waves ...

We investigate density fluctuations in a scenario with gravitino dark matter in the framework of modulated reheating, which is known to generate large nonGaussianity. We show that gravitino dark matter is disfavored if primordial fluctuations have large local-type non-Gaussianity in this framework. We also briefly discuss the case with the curvaton mechanism and some other possible dark matter ...

Formation of non bonded organic layer around inorganic particles like iron sulfide and zeolites, was hypothesized as starting point for one of the possible mechanisms of the origin of life on earth. In this study, the general circumstances needed for creation of such organic layer was investigated. An aliphatic hydrocarbon (hexane), an aromatic hydrocarbon (toluene), an alcohol (n-octanol) and ...

Initiation of growth of resting ovarian follicles is a key phenomenon for providing an adequate number of mature oocytes in each ovulation, while preventing premature exhaustion of primordial follicle reserve during the reproductive lifespan. Resting follicle dynamics strongly suggest that primordial follicles are under constant inhibitory influences, by mechanisms and factors whose nature rema...

An inflationary brane model driven by a bulk inflaton with exponential potential is proposed. We find a family of exact solutions that describe power-law inflation on the brane. These solutions enable us to derive exact solutions for metric perturbations analytically. By calculating scalar and tensor perturbations, we obtain a spectrum of primordial fluctuations at the end of the inflation. The...

Developmental constraint and its converse constraint release are significant concepts in understanding pattern and process in macroevolution. The purpose of this paper is to propose a two-step method for identifying constraints and constraint release. The first step is a phylogenetic optimization procedure to identify which trait/process is primitive and which is derived. The primitive trait is...

The detection of Primordial Gravitational Waves (PGWs) is one the most important goals modern cosmology since PGWs can both provide substantial evidence for primordial inflation and shed light on its physical nature. Small scale experiments gravitational waves such as LIGO/VIRGO and, in future, LISA Einstein Telescope (ET), being sensitive to stochastic background waves, be used together with C...

Tadpoles of Xenopus laevis completely lacking primordial germ cells were obtained by irradiating the vegetal hemisphere of early 2-cell eggs with u.v. (wavelength, 253-7 nm; dose, ca. 6000 ergs/mm). An increasing number of primordial germ cells were observed as the stage at irradiation advanced from early 2-cell to early 4-cell stages. Furthermore, early 2-cell eggs irradiated with doses rangin...

Ovarian primordial follicles are critical for female reproduction and comprise a finite pool of gametes arrested in development. A systems biology approach was used to identify regulatory gene networks essential for primordial follicle development. Transcriptional responses to eight different growth factors known to influence primordial follicles were used to construct a bionetwork of regulator...