Physiologically, only a few primordial follicles are activated to enter the growing follicle pool each wave. Recent studies in knock-out mice show that early follicular activation depends on signaling from the tuberous sclerosis complex, the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway...

Although ovarian follicle growth is under the influence of many growth factors and hormones of which FSH remains one of the most prominent regulators. Therefore, factors affecting the sensitivity of ovarian follicles to FSH are also important for follicle growth. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has an inhibitory effect on follicle growth by d...

The purpose of this work was to study anti-MOllerian hormone (AMH) secretion during ovarian development in sheep before and after birth. We used avidinbiotin immunocytochemistry and a monoclonal antibody specific for ruminant AMH. Only granulosa cells have an immunoreactivity ; this immunoreactivity was influenced by animal age and by the degree of follicular development. In the fetus, no immun...

We hypothesized that the number of microscopic follicles present in the ovaries of cattle selected for twin births (Twinner) would be greater than in the ovaries of contemporary Controls. Ovaries were collected from seven Control and seven Twinner cows at slaughter. The number of Small (1 to 3.9 mm), Medium (4 to 7.9), and Large (> 8 mm) surface follicles was counted and one ovary was fixed for...

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of applying the 1-mT magnetic field (MF) in the ovarian tissue vitrification. MaterialsAndMethods Ovaries of 6-8 week-old Naval Medical Research Institute female mice randomly were divided into 5 groups: V1: Ovaries that immediately after leaving of the mice body, were examined histologically (control group), V2: Ovaries that withou...

Introduction: Among the endocrine diseases, hypothyroidism is the commonest after diabetes.Thyroid hormones (T3,T4) are essential for genital organs function. Apoptosis process in ovarian cells plays a significant role of development in ovarian follicles. The aim of the present study was determine the apoptotic index induced by hypothyroidism in rat ovarian follicles. Materials and Method...

The primary therapeutic goal for the oncology patient is survival. Recent advances in diagnoses and treatment of neoplasia have resulted in an ever-increasing number of patients being cured and resuming a normal life. However, recognized side effects of treatments used to eradicate malignancies are temporary or permanent sterility. The cryopreservation of ovarian tissue harvested before cancer ...

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate effect lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration on activation and apoptosis primordial follicles. There no difference in total number follicles as well different types Furthermore, LPS challenge didn’t modulate expression genes related with ovarian reserve (HAM), oocyte survival (Survivin), rate (Pten, KIT, KITL1, KITL2, AKT1, SIRT1), f...

The last several years have produced a great deal of evidence supporting the once revolutionary notion that the formation of the ovary is a directed rather than passive process. For example, factors such as follistatin, respondin-1, and Wnt-4 are differentially expressed in the XX gonad and appear to play a pivotal role in differentiation of the bipotential ovary (1). Primordial germ cells are ...

Sir, In a recent article, Tremellen and Savulescu (2014) ‘argue in support of screening the general population for diminished ovarian reserve (OR)’. They state that OR ‘is determined by the net result of the initial size of the primordial follicle endowment, the natural rate of atretic loss and the impact of any insult that may hasten follicle depletion’. However, OR is not defined, nor do they...