Carica papaya (papaya) seed germinate readily fresh from the fruit, but desiccation induces a dormant state. Dormancy can be released by exposure of the hydrated seed to a pulse of elevated temperature, typical of that encountered in its tropical habitat. Carica papaya is one of only a few species known to germinate in response to heat shock (HS) and we know little of the mechanisms that contro...

As one of two sexual products resulting from double fertilization in angiosperms, the endosperm nourishes its compatriot embryo during seed development and/or germination and ultimately dies. Theoretical studies suggest that the genetic relatedness of an endosperm to its embryo in the same seed might determine the amount of resources ultimately available for the embryo during seed development. ...

Seed development of flowering plant is a complicated process controlled by a signal network. Double fertilization generates 2 zygotic products (embryo and endosperm). Embryo gives rise to a daughter plant while endosperm provides nutrients for embryo during embryogenesis and germination. Seed coat differentiates from maternally derived integument and encloses embryo and endosperm. Seed size/mas...

effects of gibberellic acid (ga) and abscisic acid (aba) on dormant and after-ripened wheat seed, cultivar rl4137, were studied. the aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of seed after-ripening in comparison with gibberellin application on breaking of seed dormancy. moreover, the effect of abscisic acid on dormancy induction was also evaluated. acid and alkaline posphatase activity of se...

Valeriana officinalis is an important medicinal herb commonly found in Kashmir valley. This study forms an important preliminary step for in-vitro micro propagation of V. officinalis from breaking the seed dormancy, inducing rapid seed germination and its subsequent micro propagation. We investigated the influence of pretreatment of V. officinalis seeds with reduced temperature and light on see...

After imbibition of water by seeds under favorable circumstances, the growth by which the embryo becomes a young seedling occurs by both expansion of cells originally present in the dormant embryo and mitotic divisions resulting in an increase in cell number (15). Germination of lettuce seed has been of special interest to plant physiologists because it can be stimulated by gibberellins, kineti...

Vaccinium oldhamii Miq. is an edible berry; however, little known about its seed dormancy-break and germination. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate seed-dormancy break germination characteristics V. oldhamii. The results showed that length width seeds were 2.4588 ± 0.0273 mm 1.7028 0.0248 mm, respectively, filled percentage 49.0 3.0%, 1000-seed weight 0.9453 g. Additionally, wate...

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seeds have poor shelf life and exhibit thermoinhibition (fail to germinate) above ∼25°C. Seed priming (controlled hydration followed by drying) alleviates thermoinhibition by increasing the maximum germination temperature, but reduces lettuce seed longevity. Controlled deterioration (CD) or accelerated ageing storage conditions (i.e. elevated temperature and relative...

In three field trials fungicides used for stem rust (Puccinia graminis) control were evaluated to assess the effect on levels of blind seed disease, seed germination and endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii) transmission. Blind seed disease infection was reduced from 24% to 5% in one of the three trials undertaken and germination was increased by between 17 and 23% in two trials. There was a negative ...