429 A significant proportion of problems related to alcohol use—including motor vehicle crashes, other injuries, health problems, and family difficulties—occur in persons who are not alcohol dependent (Institute of Medicine 1990). In fact, estimates suggest that alcohol dependence is found in only one in four persons seen in primary care settings who drink above recommended limits of alcohol us...

AIMS To estimate (1) the associations between parent-adolescent relationship, parental knowledge and subsequent adolescent drinking frequency and (2) the influence of alcohol use on parental knowledge. DESIGN Path analysis of school based cohort study with annual surveys. SETTING Post-primary schools from urban and intermediate/rural areas in Northern Ireland. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4937...

Pathways of initial oxidation of n-alkanes were examined in two strains of Cladosporium resinae. Cells grow on dodecane and hexadecane and their primary alcohol and monoic acid derivatives. The homologous aldehydes do not support growth but are oxidized by intact cells and by cell-free preparations. Hexane and its derivatives support little or no growth, but cell extracts oxidize hexane, hexano...

Almost 20 years ago research indicated that brief interventions1 in primary care settings helped patients with at-risk drinking and milder alcohol use disorder (AUD) reduce heavy drinking.2 More recent meta-analyses have overwhelmingly confirmed this finding.3,4 However, evidence showed that brief interventions were not effective in helping those with more severe AUD reduce or stop drinking.5 A...

BACKGROUND In planning a prevention programme, it is important to know to what extent gender, risk behaviour and GP consultation need to be taken into account. OBJECTIVE To determine whether gender plays a role in the relation between risk behaviour and use of GP services. METHODS The data used in this study originate from the Second Dutch National Survey of General Practice of 2000-02. We ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of implementing screening strategies associated with brief interventions for prevention of alcohol abuse, within primary healthcare. METHODS This evaluation study was conducted among 113 primary healthcare professionals and managers in three municipalities in the Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil, in 2007. The health professionals partic...

The prevalence of unidentified or untreated unhealthy alcohol use remains high. With the advent of pharmacotherapy and models of counseling appropriate for use in primary care settings as well as in specialty care, clinicians have new tools to manage the range of alcohol problems across the spectrum of health care settings. By extending treatment to primary care, many people who do not currentl...

Given physicians' increased responsibilities and time constraints, it is increasingly difficult for primary care physicians to assume a major role in delivering smoking and alcohol assessment and intervention. The authors developed an innovative use of computer technology in the form of a "video doctor" to support physicians with this. In this article, two brief interventions, delivered by an i...

AIM To quantify the prevalence and demography of at-risk and problematic drinkers in the population attending a random selection of general practices and to compare this with similar studies. METHOD A study examining the uptake and utilisation of the "DRINKLESS" package to 369 New Zealand general practitioners was conducted during 1995/6. The "DRINKLESS" package was developed with the World H...

Alcohol misuse is a major public health issue. Primary care has been recognized as an ideal setting for the health promotional activity needed to reduce the general population's alcohol consumption. This paper explores the background to the current belief that primary care is suitable for this work by examining the evidence of the potentially successful interventions the general practitioner (G...