We investigate the operational decisions and resulting profits for a supply chain facing price-dependent demand under a policy where there is an ex-ante commitment made on the retail price markup. We obtain closed-form solutions for this policy under the assumption of a multiplicative demand function and we analytically compare its performance with that of a traditional price-only policy. We co...

estimation of water demand in the different sectors, spatially in the urban areas is an important subject that it has considered by scientists and economic researchers’. water shortage and related challenges are most important problems of cities. this study was done according to stonegray function and consumer behavior in microeconomic theory. lineline, log line, loglog and some kinds of econom...

this paper develops positive mathematical programming (pmp) model to determine the optimum cropping pattern and water demand function in six regions of lower part lands of shirindarre dam in north khorasan province of iran and then estimates the expected pay for water in each region. the quantity of water supplied from such different water resources as dams, wells, and rivers in different scena...

This paper formulates and analyzes a relatively simple model of duopoly pricing under conditions of fluctuating demand. Price-setting firms produce a homogenous product subject to increasing marginal cost of production. We focus on static Nash equilibria in price choices and examine the impact of varying the level of demand on equilibrium price levels, markups of price over marginal cost, and p...

The paper determines the effects of different influencing variables on the media company’s optimal subscription and advertising prices and editorial content. The company maximizes profit consisting of subscription and advertising revenue, minus the costs of content, advertising, and circulation, by setting the subscription and advertising prices and the amount of editorial content. Subscription...

This study proposes a new multi-item inventory model with hybrid cost parameters under a fuzzy-stochastic constraint and permissible delay in payment. The price and marketing expenditure dependent stochastic demand and the demand dependent the unit production cost are considered. Shortages are allowed and partially backordered. The main objective of this paper is to determine selling price, mar...

Behavioral economic demand curves, or quantitative representations of drug consumption across a range of prices, have been used to assess motivation for a variety of drugs. Such curves generate multiple measures of drug demand that are associated with cigarette consumption and nicotine dependence. However, little is known about the relationships among these facets of demand. The aim of the stud...

We consider a retailer’s problem of optimal pricing and inventory stocking decisions for a product. We assume that the price-demand curve is unknown, but data is available that loosely specifies the price-demand relationship. We propose a conceptually new framework that simultaneously considers pricing and inventory decisions without a priori fitting a function to the price-demand data. The fra...

We develop a model of household demand for frequently purchased consumer goods that are branded, storable and subject to stochastic price fluctuations. Our framework accounts for how inventories and expectations of future prices affect current period purchase decisions. We estimate our model using scanner data for the ketchup category. Our results indicate that price expectations and the nature...