INTRODUCTION Long-term follow-up studies in patients with functional bowel disorders are rare. METHODS Of 85 patients with functional bowel disorders diagnosed in 2000, forty-eight patients responded to a postal questionnaire 6 years later (2006). RESULTS Gastrointestinal symptom severity was similar to that at the initial diagnosis. Anxiety and depression (HADS) were significantly decrease...

I n the electrocardiogram of this 69-year-old man (Figure), the rhythm strip of lead II best demonstrates the cardiac rhythm. Th ere is sinus rhythm at a rate of 65 beats/min. Th e 1st, 5th, 9th, and 13th QRSs are capture complexes. Capture complexes are separated from one another by three wide (0.13s) QRSs that occur regularly at a rate of 86 beats/min; this is an accelerated (rate 60–110 beat...

Background Although pelvic inflammatory disease can be seen after tubal occlusion, tuboovarian abscess is rare, with only 38 cases reported since 1975 [1]. The differential diagnosis of tuboovarian abscess after tubal occlusion should include non-infectious and non-gynecologic etiology, particularly as women age [2]. Case A 40 year old multiparous woman with a distant history of tubal occlusi...

In arid ecosystems, current-year precipitation often explains only a small proportion of annual aboveground net primary production (ANPP). We hypothesized that lags in the response of ecosystems to changes in water availability explain this low explanatory power, and that lags result from legacies from transitions from dry to wet years or the reverse. We explored five hypotheses regarding the m...

Cloning whole animals with somatic cells as parents offers the possibility of targeted genetic manipulations in vitro such as "gene knock-out" by homologous recombination. However, such manipulation requires prolonged culture of nuclear donor cells. Previous successes in cloning have been limited to the use of cells collected either fresh or after short-term culture. Therefore, demonstration of...

previous studies have revealed that the results of most conteroceptive devices, especially iud, show similar patterns at various localities. however, certain differences have also been observed. the present study describes the pattern of iud use effectiveness at aalami-harandi clinic in isphahan over a four year period (march 1976 up to may 1980). when compard with previous study carried out at...

Financial institutions around theworld expected themillennium date change (Y2K) to cause an aggregate liquidity shortage. Responding to the concern, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York auctioned Y2K options to primary dealers. The options gave the dealers the right to borrow from the Fed at a predetermined interest rate. Using the implied volatilities of Y2K options and the on/off-the-run spre...

Projects can cause organizations to perform in new ways resulting in the generation of knowledge. Project learning occurs when new knowledge is captured, disseminated, and used by the project team. Y2K utility projects were studied with respect to knowledge benefits and management. Projects from developed countries using western technology were found to have knowledge benefits but their organiz...

There are many commercial tools that address various aspects of the Year 2000 problem. None of these tools, however, make any documented use of plan-based techniques for automated concept recovery. This implies a general perception that plan-based techniques is not useful for this problem. This paper argues that this perception is incorrect and these techniques are in fact mature enough to make...