Arterial wave speed is widely used to determine arterial distensibility and has been utilised as a surrogate marker for vascular disease. A comparison between the results of the traditional foot-to-foot method for measuring wave speed to those of the pressure-velocity loop (PU-loop) method is one of the primary objectives of this paper. We also investigate the regional wave speed along the aort...

Cold environmental temperatures increase sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure, and increase the risk of acute cardiovascular events in aged individuals. The acute risk of cardiovascular events increases with aortic pulse wave velocity as well as elevated central and peripheral pulse pressures. The aim of this study was to examine the independent influence of aortic pulse wave velocity ...

Mottram et al. (1) recently reported in the Journal new and unexpected findings: that a hypertensive response to exercise (systolic blood pressure 210 mm Hg in males and 190 mm Hg in females) in normotensive and hypertensive subjects is associated with subtle defects in systolic left ventricular (LV) function. A number of possible mechanisms were proposed. Another explanation, not canvassed, re...

The age-associated increase in arterial stiffness has long been considered to parallel or to cause the age-associated increase in blood pressure (BP). Yet, the rates at which pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of arterial stiffness, and BP trajectories change over time within individuals who differ by age and sex have not been assessed and compared. This study determined the evolution of BP a...

BACKGROUND The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is used to evaluate the degree of atherosclerosis and arterial distensibility, but its major limitation is that it is affected by changes in blood pressure (BP) during measurement. Recently, a new atherosclerotic index, the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), has been developed by measuring PWV and BP. CAVI is adjusted for BP based on th...

BACKGROUND Pulse pressure and aortic pulse wave velocity, measures of arterial stiffness, are both important determinants of cardiovascular risk. However, assessment of peripheral pulse pressure does not always provide a reliable measure of changes in central pulse pressure or arterial stiffness. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of acute changes in heart rate on arterial st...

In this paper, the surface displacement response of a-nite uid{loaded shell and the resulting far eld acoustic pressure are studied. A high resolution signal processing algorithm is applied to the surface displacement to estimate the constituent wave numbers and corresponding amplitudes for these wave components. This parameter estimation technique identiies the uid{loaded cylinder's complex di...

In order to study the impact of microfractures on the elastic wave velocity, multi-azimuth elastic wave velocity experiments were performed with coal rock samples under a confining pressure similar to the one in the buried coal strata of the Qinshui basin. The results indicate that (1) the microfractures in coal rock reduce the elastic wave velocity. In the experiments, the velocity was increas...

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE A volumetric blood surge (rapid physical movement/displacement of blood) is hypothesized to cause the non-impact, mild TBI and battlefield PTSD induced by a blast over-pressure wave. RESEARCH DESIGN Systematic review of the literature. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Articles relating to the fields of blast injury, brain injury and relevant disorders were searched between the years...

BACKGROUND The age-related increase in pulse pressure (PP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) is often attributed to alterations in the wave reflection profile and augmented contributions of the reflected waves. However, clinical evidence shows that the stiffening of the proximal aorta with age and the consequent augmentation of the forward pressure wave plays an equally important role. The rela...