In order to research the theory for variety of transverse forces adjacent shield tunnels caused by foundation pits excavation, effect mechanism pit excavation on tunnel was analyzed. The sidewall unloading model pit, considering deformation retaining structures, introduced calculate additional stress soil excavation. On this basis, confining pressure variation established, influence longitudina...

Wrist posture and tendon loading have been shown to increase carpal tunnel pressure, which may result in median nerve compression (Keir et al., 1998). This change in pressure may be due to a change in carpal tunnel volume or the volume of its contents. Thus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have been used to evaluate parameters such as cross-sectional area (CSA) and the relationship of s...

Abstract The present research exposes the investigation on three-dimensional modeling of single and twin metro tunnels for case Tehran line. At first, simulation implemented comparison ground movements in tunnels. Then has been performed influence effective parameters EPB-TBM surface settlements throughout excavation. overcutting, shield conicity, grouting, final lining system modeled face supp...

Elevated carpal tunnel pressure (CTP) has been associated with carpal tunnel syndrome. This study systematically evaluated the effect of wrist motion resistance and grip type on CTP during wrist motion typical of occupational tasks. CTP during four wrist motion patterns, with and without resistance, and with and without gripping, was measured in vivo in 14 healthy individuals. CTP measured duri...

Carpal tunnel syndrome is prevalent in patients who have a repetitive motion, vibration, or pressure exerted on the wrist joint for an extended period of time. The prevalence of this condition in the general population is approximately 5%. Motorcyclists subject themselves to high levels of vibration from the road and use their wrists to control the motorcycle's brakes, gas intake, and gears via...

Investigations of slow transverse motion of the linac tunnel of the Stanford Linear Collider have been performed over period of about one month in December 1999 – January 2000. The linac laser alignment system, equipped with a quadrant photodetector, allowed submicron resolution measurement of the motion of the middle of the linac tunnel with respect to its ends. Measurements revealed two major...

A large eddy simulation (LES) program with the Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model has been used to study cross natural ventilation in buildings, which has experimental data available from on-site measurements and a wind tunnel. Since natural wind changes direction over time, it is hard to reproduce this effect in a conventional wind tunnel where the “wind” direction is fixed. There are discrepanci...

A computational method for accurately predicting the static aeroelastic deformations of typical transonic transport wind tunnel models is described. The method utilizes a finite element method (FEM) for predicting the deformations. Extensive calibratiodvalidation of this method was carried out using a novel wind-off wind tunnel model static loading experiment and wind-on optical wing twist meas...

Bihrle Applied Research Inc. has developed unique capabilities for investigating the aerodynamic effects on aircraft in close formation. Wind-tunnel experiments were conducted at the Langley Full-Scale Tunnel using special hardware and computer equipment developed specifically for formation testing. It was demonstrated that static and dynamic force and moment data, as well as surface pressure d...

A series of model tests were performed to investigate the load-bearing mechanism a mined railway tunnel lining under water pressure. To characteristics different types linings, fully closed pressure exerting device for noncircular section was invented. large-scale test (1:30) combined and soil pressures conducted mechanical characteristics, deformation, stress distribution, crack development pr...