Zinc deficiency during pregnancy has been related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the results of zinc-supplementation trials have not been consistent in improvement of pregnancies outcomes. This study was undertaken to investigate whether zinc supplementation was associated with pregnancy complications in Iranian women during the last 2 trimesters. It also assessed the anthropometric me...

BACKGROUND Calcium supplementation during pregnancy may reduce the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (March 2006). SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised trials comparing at least 1 g of calcium daily during pregnancy with placebo. Eligibility and ...

BACKGROUND Supplementation with folic acid (FA) is recommended worldwide before and during early pregnancy because of its proven effect in preventing neural tube defects, but the role of FA after the 12th gestational week (GW) is much less clear. OBJECTIVE We investigated maternal folate and homocysteine responses and related effects in the newborn that resulted from continued FA supplementat...

BACKGROUND Maternal fish consumption during pregnancy has been positively associated with cognitive and visual abilities in the offspring, leading to the hypothesis that maternal omega-3 (n-3) long-chain PUFA (LCPUFA) supplementation improves children's neurologic and visual development. OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate the effect of maternal omega-3 LCPUFA supplementation in pregnancy...

This study quantifies the effects of iodine on the intellectual development of children using a systematic manual literature search of Chinese publications related to iodine deficiency disorders. The Chinese Medical Reference Database, Medline, and Cochrane library were searched electronically in Chinese and English. Inclusion criteria included: studies conducted in China, comparing children (<...

Introduction: The relationship between calcium intake during lactation and breast milk calcium concentration has been studied by many investigators, but there is no conclusive evidence on the effect of supplementation during pregnancy on the breast milk content. The aim of this double blind, placebo controlled trial was to determine the effect of calcium supplementation during the third trimest...

BACKGROUND Recent studies indicate that prenatal vitamin D intake may protect against the development of atopic diseases in young children. Vitamin D has been shown to induce tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells. Whether the allergy-protective potential of prenatal vitamin D is mediated through such mechanisms is, however, unknown. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association...

The present study evaluated the hypothesis that the effects of hypoxia on sheep pregnancies at high altitude (HA) are mediated by oxidative stress and that antioxidant vitamins may prevent these effects. Both HA native and newcomer ewes were maintained at an altitude of 3,589 m during mating and pregnancy. Control low altitude (LA) native ewes were maintained at sea level. Half of each group re...

Supplementation of micronutrients involved in DNA methylation, particularly during pregnancy, is recommended because of its impacts on human health, but further evidence is needed regarding the effects of over-supplementation and differences between sexes. Here, a porcine model was used to assess effects of maternal supplementation with one-carbon-cycle compounds during prenatal and postnatal s...

background: the aim of this preliminary study was to assess the safety and efficacy of high-dose oral vitamin d3 supplementation during pregnancy in women with multiple sclerosis (ms) in isfahan, iran. methods: in a single center open-label randomized, controlled clinical phase i/ii pilot study, 15 pregnant women with confirmed ms with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d (25(oh)d) levels were randoml...