We propose a versatile framework for combining knowledge bases in modular systems with preferences. In our formalism, each module (knowledge base) can be specified in a different language. We define the notion of a preference-based modular system that includes a formalization of metapreferences. We prove that our formalism is robust in the sense that the operations for combining modules preserv...

Rational accounts of decision-making are incompatible with the prevalence and success of ubiquitous marketing strategies. In this paper, we demonstrate, using computational experiments, how an ideal Bayesian observer model of preference learning is compatible with the manipulation of purchasing decisions via a number of well-known marketing techniques. The ability of this model to predict the e...

In this paper, we present a novel approach which incorporates the web-derived selectional preferences to improve statistical dependency parsing. Conventional selectional preference learning methods have usually focused on word-to-class relations, e.g., a verb selects as its subject a given nominal class. This paper extends previous work to wordto-word selectional preferences by using webscale d...

People routinely draw inferences about others’ preferences by observing their decisions. We study these inferences by characterizing a space of simple observed decisions. Previous work on attribution theory has identified several factors that predict whether a given decision provides strong evidence for an underlying preference. We identify one additional factor and show that a simple probabili...

This study examines the productivity changes of decision making units in situation where input price vectors are varying between them and inputs are heterogeneous; that is a noncompetitive market. We present a directional measure of cost Malmquist productivity index where incorporates the decision maker's preference over productivity change over time. A simple numerical example is designed to i...

stability and structural change of iranian consumers' preference for tea commodities during 1988-2005 is investigated throughout the coarse of this study. to this end, nonparametric test of revealed preference has been utilized. results of weak axiom of revealed preference (warp) show that in 1995 a contradiction has been in observed consumers' preference for tea with the null hypothe...

An interaction form is an abstract model of interaction based on a description of power distribution among agents over alternatives. A solution known as the settlement set is defined at any preference profile. Necessary and sufficient conditions for stability, that is the existence of settlements, are established. A Stability Index that plays a role similar to that of the Nakamura Number is def...

The Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta, Cuvier, 1817) is one of the commercial small pelagic fish in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. In the current research, feed preference index (FP), fullness index (FI), and stomach contents of Rastrelliger kanagurta were evaluated to assess the quantity and type of feed habits. A total of 573 specimens were collected randomly from Bandar - Abbas and Qes...

The Health Utilities Index (HUI) system is a generic, preference-based measure of health status intended for use in clinical outcomes measurement, in health surveys, in program planning and resource allocation. The utility scores provide a summary index of health-related quality of life on a zero to 1.0 scale; they may be used in cost-utility analyses to calculate quality-adjusted life years an...