This manuscript describes a spatial (multiple sites across a precipitation gradient) and temporal (tree rings) analysis of how forest structure and function (morphology, chemistry, growth) relate to climate stress in the eastern Cascades, Oregon, USA. This is an interesting topic with clear relevance for a broad range of scientists, managers, and policymakers. The ms is extremely well written, ...

dard to those of the chromatographic standard (25 mg of HPPH and 50 mg of hexobarbital, dissolved in 1 L of methanol). Free HPPH was also measured by comparison to the chromatographic standard after serum protein precipitation with acetonitrile containing the internal standard (1). Table 2 presents these results. We believe that these concentrations are sufficient to increase the EMIT phenytomn...

As innovative means to recover actinides from irradiated fuels, pyrochemical processes are proposed. In the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), the feasibility of applying molten-salts processes to nitride fuels containing transuranium elements for transmutation is investigated. In the course of study, experiments and analyses have been made on the high-temperature chemistry of M–N–...

In this paper we analyze a numerical scheme for a dissolution and precipitation in porous media. We focus here on the chemistry, which is modeled by a parabolic problem that is coupled through the boundary conditions to an ordinary differential inclusion defined on the boundary. We use a regularization approach for constructing a semi-implicit scheme that is stable and convergent. For dealing w...

4.2 Acid Deposition Acid rain was first identified in the 19th century, when English pharmacist Robert Angus Smith measured high acidity levels in rain falling over industrial regions of England and much lower levels in less-polluted areas near the coast. However, this pattern did not receive sustained attention until biologists began to notice sharp declines in fish populations in lakes in Nor...

The nakhlite Martian meteorites contain alteration mineral assemblages, which reveal detailed information about their formation conditions; Thermochemical modeling allows the assessment of factors not observable in the rocks, such as temperature and fluid chemistry at the time of mineral formation. Combining observation and thermochemical modeling leads to the conclusion that ~4 g CO2 are seque...

Industrial water systems often suffer from undesirable inorganic deposits, such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphates, calcium sulfate, magnesium silicate, and others. Synthetic water additives, such as phosphonates and phosphonocarboxylates, are the most important and widely utilized scale inhibitors in a plethora of industrial applications including cooling water, geothermal drilling, desa...

We present a theoretical and numerical study of the reorganization of a porous matrix due to fluid flow coupled with dissolution or precipitation processes. We find that under certain conditions, flow of corrosive fluids results in unstable growth of the permeability and increasing disequilibrium in fluid chemistry with time. High-permeability channels may form parallel to the direction of flow...

This project presents an application of artificial neural network (ANN) approach to the simulation and prediction of acid deposition conditions in the United States. The previous research is mainly focused on the effect of emission. However, with the increase of NOx emissions, acid deposition problem could become more serious in some areas despite stricter controls on SO2 pollution from coal-bu...

• Climate change (altered CO(2) , warming, and precipitation) may affect plant-microbial interactions, such as the Lolium arundinaceum-Neotyphodium coenophialum symbiosis, to alter future ecosystem structure and function. • To assess this possibility, tall fescue tillers were collected from an existing climate manipulation experiment in a constructed old-field community in Tennessee (USA). Endo...