The human hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is always a worldwide problem, especially the high risk infection of the neonate by chronically HBV infected mother. McGrane et al. [1] have demonstrated that the gene which is driven by the promoter of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is mainly expressed in the mouse liver and immediately appears at parturition. We have constructed a transge...

AIMS To find out whether serology can reliably speciate human schistosomiasis using a simple enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. METHODS Stored sera from 66 patients with microscopically confirmed schistosomiasis were subjected to ELISA using a panel of three antigens, namely: unfractionated Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen (SEA); CEF6, a cationic fraction of SEA; and ...

Abstract Background: We sought to determine pre-infection correlates of immunity against SARS-CoV-2 post-vaccine infections. Methods: Serum and saliva samples from 176 BNT162b2-vaccinated adults in the Prospective Assessment Seroconversion study were collected between October December 2021 assessed for serum levels WT Spike (S)-specific IgG IgA antibodies using a microsphere-based multiplex imm...

An association has been established between human Ia-like (Ia) antigenic determinants, expression during DNA synthesis on granulocyte-macrophage colony forming cells (CFU-GM) and the regulatory action of acidic isoferritins in vitro. Treatment of human bone marrow cells with monoclonal-anti-Ia-like (Ia) plus complement inhibited colony and cluster formation by approximately 50% but did not affe...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The serodiagnosis of infection with Salmonella typhi, using the Widal agglutination assay, relies on patients' antibodies to the O = 9,12 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens, H = d flagellar antigens, and the Vi capsular antigens. A Vi agglutination titre of > 1/40 has traditionally been regarded as indicative of recent infection with S typhi. In this study, 91 sera were used to a...

ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) kinase is a key factor in DNA damage responses, and mutations in ATM cause AT (ataxia-telangi-ectasia), a form of genomic instability syndrome. 1 Various forms of genotoxic agents that generate DsB (double-stranded DNA breaks) activate ATM and induce DNA damage checkpoint pathways involving cell cycle arrest and repair of legions. ATM plays a central role in ...

An oligosaccharide antigen (FC10.2), formerly described only in mammalian cells and secreted glycoproteins, has been detected and found to display striking temporal and spatial patterning in the chick during early embryonic development. This antigen is expressed on type 1 chains, which are isomers of oligosaccharides of the poly-N-acetyllactosamine series (type 2 chains). Immunoreactivities bef...

BACKGROUND Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is a major public health problem worldwide, which harbors potential risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission through blood transfusion and transplantation. OBI is characterized by the presence of HBV-DNA in the blood or liver tissue without detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum. An important cause of OBI is the occurrence o...

A unique type of combinatorial protein libraries has been constructed. These libraries are based on the pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR). The pre-BCR is a protein that is produced during normal development of the antibody repertoire. Unlike that of canonical antibodies, the pre-BCR subunit is a trimer that is composed of an antibody heavy chain paired with two surrogate light chain (SLC) component...