This research has investigated the structural changes and pozzolanic activity produced in acid activated smectite clay. The activation treatment used HCl at different concentrations, using times a range of temperatures. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive were to determine dissolution mechanism characterise clay ...

Bauxite is mainly used to produce aluminium and calcium aluminate cements. Both applications carry high environmental impacts. However, the carbon emissions generated from mining bauxite (3–5 kg CO 2 e/t) are negligible when compared those for or cement production (620–700 e/t CEM II). Hence, an alternative use would lower impacts worldwide. This paper measures pozzolanic hydraulic capacity of ...

the objective of the present work is to analyse the potential of using non-classical additions in concrete and mortar compositions such as coal bottom ash (ba) and biomass ash (bio), as partial replacing binder of ordinary portland cement. it is intended to deal with production of these type of wastes and its accumulation and contribute to the minimisation of carbon and embodied energy in const...

Cement concrete is the most extensively used construction materials across world. The environmental unfriendliness attached to production of cement which one major constituents demands persistent attention and wide use pozzolanic material as partial replacement in looks be a promising supplement for production. Based on past research works, metakaolin was selected its compressive strength therm...

The cement industry is facing the challenge of a lack supplementary cementitious materials substituting clinker. This applies primarily to granulated blast furnace slag, most commonly used as main component cements, due changes in metallurgical industry, and siliceous fly ash abandonment fossil fuels world. A potential new common cements may be calcined marls, which are available large quantiti...

Palm ash is the waste from palm combustion which contains a lot of silicate. In addition, also inorganic cations such as potassium and sodium. pozzolanic material, non-binding material cement, but active Silica Oxide (SiO2) compounds when reacted with free lime or calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH2)) water will form materials namely Hydrate. this study we use has been stated to have good soil improveme...

Indonesia signed the Paris Agreement on facing climate change. Carbon dioxide is main issue contributing to greenhouse effect. Most power plant in uses non-renewable energy generate electricity. Increasing demand for electricity makes increasing coal consumption steam plants and directly contributes gasses from combustion produces fly ash as a waste product. Otherwise, Steam Power Plant classif...

abstract: The microstructure of cement pastes is important to understand the effect some parameters in hydration process. In this context, study had as objective evaluate different water/binder (w/b) ratios process cementitious produced with and without incorporation silica fume metakaolin. were obtained 0.3, 0.4 e 0.5, replacement, by weight, Portland for metakaolin, contents 10% 20%, respecti...