conclusions the prevalence of astigmatism was high in children under six years old in this study, and to control amblyopia, it is necessary to consider astigmatism at younger ages. results the prevalence of refractive astigmatism of more than 0.5d in at least one eye was 51.4% (95% confidence interval (ci): 50.7-52.1); 52.1% in girls and 50.7% in boys (p = 0.412). prevalence of astigmatism decr...

this is a descriptive comparative field study. the aim is to describe views of male nurses and teachers about increasing population and then compare the view with each other. sample was 40 male nurses and 40 male teachers which selected by simple random sampling. the tool for data gathering was a questionnaire with three parts. the first part was demographic data, the second and third part were...

while pterygium is considered a common eye disorder, the etiology and pathogenesis is still not known. the aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of pterygium and pinguecula in the over 40 population of shahroud and assess associated factors. the present study is part of the phase one of the shahroud eye cohort study conducted in 2009, in which the target population was people between...