Problem statement: The aim of this study was that of studying the rheology of sewage sludge using two different rheological test protocols taken from literature and comparing them in order to evaluate which useful information are given from every protocol. Approach: Two different protocols have been used taking particularly into account the problems connected to sludge heterogeneous composition...

Biomaterials based on polyelectrolyte complexation are an innovative concept of coatings and packaging production to be applied in a wide range of food products. The aim of this study was to obtain and characterize a sodium alginate–chitosan complex material with variable degree of polyion interactions by complexation of oppositely charged polysaccharides. In order to characterize polyelectroly...

The potential of cationic polyelectrolytes to precipitate host cell and process related impurities was investigated, to replace one or more chromatography steps in monoclonal antibody purification. The impact of antibody isoelectric point, solution properties (pH and ionic strength), and polyelectrolyte properties (structure, molecular weight and pK(a)) on the degree of precipitation was studie...

Polynucleotide phosphorylase (polyribonucleotide:orthophosphate nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.8) activity has been found in many prokaryotes and studied in detail since 1955. Such enzymes have been detected also in plants. We now describe the purification of polynucleotide phosphorylase from cucumber cotyledons and leaves. This enzyme is a complex of three subunits, possibly not identical, o...

RNA ligase from T4-phage-infected Escherichia coli cells catalyzes the covalent joining of two polynucleotides that are partially hydrogen-bonded to each other. Two polynucleotide fragments derived from yeast tRNA(Phe) and consisting of residues 1-36 and 38-74 are covalently joined by the enzyme. The product of the reaction lacks residue Y(37) and has an anticodon loop with six nucleotide resid...

A novel 21-residue peptide incorporating six fluorinated amino acids was prepared. It was designed to fold into an amphiphilic alpha helical structure of nanoscale length with one hydrophobic face and one fluorinated face. The formation of a fluorous interface serves as the main vector for the formation of a superstructure in a bilayer membrane. Fluorescence assays showed this ion channel's abi...