In surveys of three groups of workers occupationally exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) serum PCB concentrations were quantitated as lower chlorinated biphenyls (L-PCBs) and higher chlorinated biphenyls (H-PCBs). Serum L-PCB and H-PCB concentrations were many times greater among workers employed in power capacitor manufacturing than exposed areas. Statistically significant positive cor...

Winam Gulf of Lake Victoria is considered to be contaminated with toxic chemicals emanating from anthropogenic activities, especially near large industrial towns such as Kisumu. This has recently caused concerns about its water quality and impact on aquatic organisms and human beings. This study was justified by the need to generate baseline concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (...

The vaporization enthalpies of 16 polychlorinated biphenyls have been determined by correlation gas chromatography. This study was prompted by the realization that the vaporization enthalpy of the standard compounds used in previous studies, octadecane and eicosane, were values measured at 340 and 362 K, respectively, rather than at 298 K. Adjustment to 298 K amounts to a 7-8 kJ/mol increment i...

Avian vacuolar myelinopathy (AVM) is a disease of unknown etiology, which has been diagnosed in a variety of birds from surface water reservoirs in the southeastern United States. Pathology suggests a natural or anthropogenic compound may be the cause of this disease. With the goal of identifying the toxicant that causes AVM, we qualitatively analyzed sediments and American coot (Fulica america...

Introduction. Monitoring of organohalogens in the glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus) has been given high priority in Svalbard (Norwegian Arctic). Glaucous gulls are distributed widely in the Arctic and are an important avian scavenger-predator in the marine food web. Thus far among circumpolar arctic seabirds, glaucous gulls from Svalbard are reported to accumulate some of the highest concentrat...

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been found in fish and wildlife from many parts of the world at levels which may adversely affect aquatic organisms and interfere with pesticide residue analyses (1, 2, 3, 4). The environmental occurrence, uses, and present toxicological aspects of PCBs were recently reviewed by Peakall and Lincer (5), Gustaffson (6), and Risebrough (7). PCBs have gas chrom...

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a family of persistent organic contaminants suspected to cause adverse effects in wildlife and humans. In rodents, PCBs bind to the aryl hydrocarbon (AhR) and pregnane X receptors (PXR) inducing the expression of catabolic cytochrome p450 enzymes of the CYP1A and 3A families. We found that certain highly chlorinated PCBs are potent activators of rodent PXR b...

Polychlorinated biphenyls exposure damages the rat liver cells. Hematological parameters such as hemoglobin, packed cell volume, red-blood cells, white-blood cells, neutrophils, platelet counts, and RBC indices were significantly decreased. Polymorphs, eosinophil counts, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were significantly increased. Serum liver enzymes such as aspartate transaminase, alanine ...

Residues of complex organochlorine and organophosphate as well as various compounds of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are reported from sediments and two species of fish ( Liza abu and Cyprinus carpio) residing in Arvand Rood River (ARR) in the Persian Gulf area. One hundred fish specimens and triplicate sediment samples taken from 15 stations 2 Km apart in an area close to the Persian Gulf w...

The National Bureau of Standards has certified Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) for the concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in hydrocarbon matrices (transformer and motor oils). The certification of these SRMs involved measurements of extremely small concentrations of PCBs made by gas chromatography. Despite the high accuracy of the measurement techmique, the correlated data ca...