This research aims to investigate the pollution characteristic of PAHs in Xiaodian sewage irrigation area. The result shows that the concentrations of Σ PAHs range from 47.94 to 46432.85 ng/g while that of the total components of the 16 kinds of PAHs are 5969.81 ng/g. PAHs with for rings and more than 4 rings are the main and important pollutants in topsoils of Xiaodian District. The main input...

The most important necessity for life is water. Shortage of clean & fresh drinking water leads to suffering. This is mainly contributed by generation of sewage waste mixed with the water bodies, due to unplanned urbanization and has largely contributed to the causing severe water pollution. Pollutants discharged in waste waters can be toxic to aquatic life and cause natural waters to be unfit t...

The Chesapeake Bay is North America's largest and most biologically diverse estuary. It has provided a rich bounty of crabs, shellfish, and fish, and high quality recreational opportunities. However, the Bay living systems have been increasingly stressed over time by the pressures of growing populations—there are over 20 million people in the 166,534 km 2 mile watershed—industrial pollution, at...

High population density and intense industrial activity has resulted in various forms of pollution in megacities. Air pollution ranks at the top of this list. This study investigated long-term changes in air pollutant parameters (SO(2), CO, NO, NO(2), NO(x)) in Istanbul City, Turkey, using data from air-quality measurement stations on the Asian and European sides of Istanbul. The results show d...

OBJECTIVE To examine associations between ambient air pollutants and respiratory outcomes among schoolchildren in Durban, South Africa. METHODS Primary schools from within each of seven communities in two regions of Durban (the highly industrialised south compared with the non-industrial north) were selected. Children from randomly selected grade 4 classrooms were invited to participate. Stan...

Recent results suggest that adverse health effects of air pollution exist at levels of pollutants around or even below air quality standards set by national and international institutions. Furthermore, there are indications that air pollution effects on health may be partly determined by specific mixtures of air pollutants and may be altered by other environmental, behavioral, and social patter...

BACKGROUND Characterizing intra-urban variation in air quality is important for epidemiological investigation of health outcomes and disparities. To date, however, few studies have been designed to capture spatial variation during select hours of the day, or to examine the roles of meteorology and complex terrain in shaping intra-urban exposure gradients. METHODS We designed a spatial saturat...

background : collection and storage of roof rain water have been practiced for long time ago in iran and many other countries. water of cisterns is usually used as potable water. in golestan province many of rural torkman residents reservoir the most part of their potable water from roof rain in cisterns. in this province there are over 2600 cisterns. methods : to study the water quality, micro...

Since World War II, synthetic chemical pollutants have accumulated in the environment and food webs on a global basis, have damaged wildlife populations, and may pose large-scale hazards to human health. Despite the global nature of this problem, the vast majority of environmental regulations focus on preventing local risks using risk assessment of individual compounds, discharge permits, and c...

The likelihood of an epidemiologic study correctly identifying an adverse health outcome associated with exposure to indoor air pollutants is increased if a) substantial variation exists in the frequency or level of exposure among study subjects otherwise at similar risk of the health outcome; b) the number of study subjects or study communities is large; c) the health outcome can be assessed w...