Pollen are an important food source for numerous insects and may be used as natural markers in ecological studies. However, to make inferences about the movement rates of based on their gut contents, information pollen digestion is needed. Here, we assessed how consumption ingested by Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) adults influenced plant species, temperature, sex. We off...

Introduction Pollen is an important tissue in plants that plays a vital role plant reproduction as it carries male gametes and occasionally also serves pollinator reward. There has been increasing interest pollen chemistry due to the impact of chemical variation on choices well-being, especially bees. The fat content lipid-to-protein ratio have shown play crucial regulating intake, some bee spe...

Key words: Dual pollen staining, light-regulated promoter, pollen expression, pollen segregation, transgene biosafety. A b-glucuronidase (GUS) gene fusion with the promoter from the potato Lhca3.St.1 gene, encoding a light-harvesting complex protein, shows expression in

Five Arabidopsis thaliana genes that encode UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (UGE) and represent two ancient plant UGE clades might be involved in the regulation of cell wall carbohydrate biosynthesis. We tested this hypothesis in a genome-wide reverse genetic study. Despite significant contributions of each gene to total UGE activity, none was essential for normal growth on soil. uge2 uge4 displayed dr...

BACKGROUND The Cupressaceae are an important cause of pollinosis, particularly in Mediterranean countries. Cypress pollen allergenic extracts are difficult to produce since they have a low protein and a high carbohydrate content and consequently accurate standardization of these extracts is essential for diagnosis and immunotherapy. METHOD Natural Cup s 1 was purified by a combination of hydr...

Regulation of pollen tube growth is known to involve alterations in intracellular calcium levels and phosphoinositide signaling, although the mechanisms involved are unclear. However, it appears likely that pollination events involve a complex interplay between signaling pathways and components of the actin cytoskeleton in pollen. In many eukaryotic cells, actin binding proteins function as sti...

In flowering plants, the process of pollen germination and tube growth is required for successful fertilization. A pollen receptor kinase from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), LePRK2, has been implicated in signaling during pollen germination and tube growth as well as in mediating pollen (tube)-pistil communication. Here we show that reduced expression of LePRK2 affects four aspects of pollen ge...

Worldwide, 400 million people suffer from hay fever and seasonal asthma. The major causative agents of these allergies are pollen specific proteins called the group-1 grass pollen allergens. Although details of their antigenicity have been studied for 40 years with an eye towards immunotherapy, their function in the plant has drawn scant attention. Zea m 1 constitutes a class of abundant grass ...

The aim of this study was to determine the palynological origin, phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pollen from five Portuguese Natural-Parks [Parque Nacional Peneda Gerês (PNPG); Parque Natural do Montesinho (PNM); Parque Natural do Alvão (PNA); Parque Natural da Serra da Estrela (PNSE) and Parque Natural do Douro Internacional (PNDI)]. Eight families were found in t...

Genes essential for gametophyte development and fertilization have been identified and studied in detail; however, genes that fine-tune these processes are largely unknown. Here, we characterized an unknown Arabidopsis gene, GTP-BINDING PROTEIN RELATED1 (GPR1). GPR1 is specifically expressed in ovule, pollen, and pollen tube. Enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged GPR1 localizes to both nucl...