toodeh party was one of the organized parties in the first days of iran's islamic revolution. this party began its cooperation with the revolutionary forces after 16th polonium and nooraldin kianoori's election as its first secretary. its support from imam khomeini's leadership and the revolution was based on its analysis and understanding of the socio-political forces' posi...

This theoretical contribution explores the role of political actors in the social construction of collective insecurity. Two parts comprise the article. The first one briefly defines the concept of collective insecurity and the second one bridges existing sociological and political science literatures relevant for the analysis of the politics of insecurity. This theoretical framework articulate...

Khazarprovide Iran with an excellent geopolitical position, while Iran's "antdomination policy" not only deprive it from these privileges but alsobring some serious security challenges for it. U.S. engagement in vasteconomic, military and political undertakings in this region is one of majorthreat for Iran's vital interests. I'm going to argue here that majordifficulty in the way of consisting ...

Hezbollah’s new political document aims to define the political vision of the party. It includes our visions and stances and the aspirations, expectations and fears that preoccupy us. This political document also comes as a result of the priority of deeds and responsibility of sacrifice that we have experienced. At an exceptional time loaded with transformations, it is no longer possible to add...

The aim of this paper is to analyse the political, social and economic background of the divergence of Belarusian and Ukrainian transitions. We focus on Belarus in order to find explanation for questions such as why could Lukashenko remain the authoritarian leader of Belarus, while in Ukraine the position of the political elite had proved less stable and collapsed in 2004. On the theoretical fr...

Despite his pointing this out, Nabuco’s own account of the abolition of slavery in Brazil constitutes the mainstream way of retelling the history of this movement. Most scholarship takes his memories as a departure point. As Nabuco observes, however, to rely on individual memories is a risky choice. Activists such as himself usually retell their stories, attributing teleology, coherence, and me...

Although the 2011 uprisings in Egypt led to the fall of Hosni Mubarak, they have not yet been able to change the nature of the country’s political system. A year after the country’s first non-military president took office, Egypt’s political situation became more or less similar to the way it had been before 2011. The structure of the relationship between the state and the society in Egypt, hig...