Successful out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation relies upon effective team communication, which is evaluated as an aspect of non-technical skills. However, this communication has been largely neglected from a dialogue perspective. We propose addressing this issue by examining the structure of OHCA interaction and its characteristic dialogue features. We explore how speakers verba...

This study used a revised Conversational Violations Test to examine Gricean maxim violations in 4- to 6-year-old Japanese children and adults. Participants' understanding of the following maxims was assessed: be informative (first maxim of quantity), avoid redundancy (second maxim of quantity), be truthful (maxim of quality), be relevant (maxim of relation), avoid ambiguity (second maxim of man...

Depending on politeness considerations, the quantifier ‘some’ can receive a broad interpretation (some and possibly all) or a narrow interpretation (some but not all). Face-threatening statements such as ‘some people hated your speech’ encourage the broad interpretation that everyone hated the speech. Because previous research showed that broad interpretations are normally faster and easier, po...

This study explores the evaluation of (im)politeness, which is made by a hearer (or beneficiary). Although discursive researchers advocate importance (im)politeness in politeness research, empirical studies on are still limited. The non-linguistic aspect has not been much researched previous studies. tries to fill these gaps focusing from perspective. Among many other things, attentiveness (dem...

Friendship is studied as a culturally and contextually embedded entity. Focusing on the interactions between network marketers and their prospects, this article proposes four key central elements through which participants make sense of themselves when their identities are in transgression and conflict. Instead of being essentialist, the four elements of friendship intimacy, control, trust, and...

<p>One of the cultural elements communication that must be considered is politeness. Politeness indispensable in communication, especially Southeast Asian cultures, which have degrees As aspects affect communicative language, politeness would expected society. One implementations polite language used Buginese traditional wedding ceremony. In order to reveal and its strategies ceremony, st...

the present study investigated learners’ interlanguage pragmatic development through analysis of 99 requestive emails addressed to a faculty member over a period of up to two years. most previous studies mainly investigated how non-native english speaking students’ (nness) pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic competence differed from native english speaking students (ness) and compared learners ...

In this paper we argue that the kind of individualistic ethos Brown and Levinson’s (1987) politeness model is accused of – and in particular its notion of (non-imposition) negative face – is not simply a reflection of British culture, but a reflection of British culture at a specific point in time. That point is the nineteenth century. Before then, the notion of an individual self separate from...