We discuss a case of severe pneumonia with pneumatoceles in a 2-month old infant. Despite peak and plateau airway pressures kept below 30 and 25 cmH(2)O, respectively, the infant developed bilateral pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum caused by pneumatocele rupture, necessitating bilateral intercostal drainage. Application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 10 cmH(2)O at FIO(2) of 0.7...

A 74-year-old female presented to an outside medical facility with gradual decline in neurological status over a period of 6 to 8 weeks. The patient’s symptoms began with headache and progressed to confusion, altered sensorium, escalating ataxia, and expressive aphasia. The patient was transferred to our medical center. Review of the patient’s past medical history was negative for head trauma, ...

Typically, macroamylasemia is a condition of elevated serum amylase in the absence of symptomatic disease. However, in the presence of symptoms, especially of abdominal origin, it is important that this condition be identified accurately in order to avoid unnecessary treatment for pancreatitis or other related diseases. This report offers a review of the literature, a case example, and an algor...

the hyperimmunoglobulin e syndromes (hiess) are very rare immunodeficiency syndromes with multisystem involvement, including immune system, skeleton, connective tissue, and dentition. hies are characterized by the classic triad of high serum levels of immunoglobulin e (ige), recurrent staphylococcal cold skin abscess, and recurrent pneumonia with pneumatocele formation. most cases of hies are s...

in this study, we examined the role of early acetazolamide administration in reducing the risk of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) leakage in patients with a high risk of permanent csf leakage. in a randomised clinical trial, 57 patients with a high risk of permanent csf leakage (rhinorrhea, otorrhea, pneumatocele or imaging-based evidence of severe skull-base fracture) were analysed. in the experimen...

Because of its vulnerable location, the frontal sinus may be involved in several types of maxillofacial trauma. This involvement may cause fractures of the anterior and/or posterior walls of the sinus,1 lodgment of foreign bodies in the sinus,2 and anterior cranial fossa dural tears, which may result in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea, meningitis, aerocele, and other intracranial complicat...

Hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES), also called Job’s syndrome, [Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) #147060 and #243700] is a rare primary immunodeficiency disease, with an incidence lower than 1/10, not gender related, transmitted as an autosomal dominant or recessive trait with variable expressivity and of unknown etiology. HIES has been defined as a multisystem disease characterised by: 1) ex...

Case presentation: The pt. is a 6 year old, 11 kg male who presents to the operating room (O.R.) for direct laryngoscopy/bronchoscopy (DLB) and nasal endoscopy secondary to epistaxis and hemoptysis. His past medical history is significant for prematurity (27 weeks), Leigh syndrome, mitochondrial disease, GERD with chronic lung disease secondary to aspiration pneumonia, right sided pneumatocele,...