deregulation policy has caused some changes in the concepts of power systems reliability assessment and enhancement. in this paper, generation reliability is considered, and a method for its assessment using intelligent systems is proposed. also, because of power market and generators’ forced outages stochastic behavior, monte carlo simulation is used for reliability evaluation. generation reli...

wind power generation is variable and uncertain. in the power systems with high penetration of wind power, determination of equivalent operating reserve is the main concern of systems operator. in this paper, a model is proposed to determine operating reserves in simultaneous market clearing of energy and reserve by stochastic programming based on scenarios generated via monte carlo simulation ...

background: monte carlo (mc) modeling of a linear accelerator is a prerequisite for monte carlo dose calculations in external beam radiotherapy. in this study, a simple and efficient model was developed for elekta sl-25 linear accelerator using mcnp4c monte carlo code materials and methods: the head of elekta sl-25 linac was simulated for 6 and 18 mv photon beams using mcnp4c mc code. energy sp...

Percutaneous vertebral augmentation (VA) and reconstruction with intravertebral polyethylene mesh sac (OptiMesh) and morcelized bone graft provided a minimally invasive efficacious and controlled delivery mechanism to stabilize and treat painful osteoporotic, traumatic and neoplastic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs), as well as avoided serious complications from Polymethylmethacrylate (PM...

Background: The aim of this study was to develop and implement a Monte Carlo framework for evaluation of patient specific out-of-field organ equivalent dose (OED). Materials and Methods: Dose calculations were performed using a Monte Carlo-based model of Oncor linac and tomographic phantoms. Monte Carlo simulations were performed using EGSnrc user codes. Dose measurements were performed using r...

Background: An effective method for management of large and bulky malignant tumors. This treatment modality is also known as Specially Fractionated Radiation Therapy (SFRT). In this treatment technique a grid block converted the open radiation field into a series of pencil beams. Dosimetric characteristics of an external beam grid radiation field have been investigated using experimental and Mo...

background: an effective method for management of large and bulky malignant tumors. this treatment modality is also known as specially fractionated radiation therapy (sfrt). in this treatment technique a grid block converted the open radiation field into a series of pencil beams. dosimetric characteristics of an external beam grid radiation field have been investigated using experimental and mo...

Background: Therapeutic and diagnosis properties of radioactive gold nanoparticle (198-AuNPs) cause them to be suitable for detection and treatment of tumors.Objective: Electrical and optical properties of PEG-198AuNPs were examined in this paper. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-198 AuNPs can be used for treatment and diagnosis of small intestine tumors.Methods: Wireless fluorescence capsule endoscop...

In this work, blends of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with nanosponge-like porous structure are fabricated by a solution phase separation method, subsequently the nanosponge-porous also applied for high performance triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The features controlled varying polymer concentrations PEG/PMMA ratios. A TENG device made PEG-PMMA blend convex-...